Worldwide Terrorism & Crime Against Humanity   Index Rainbow Five Unclassified Page 490 EXHIBIT NO. 16 (HART INQUIRY Into the Surprise Attack on Pearl Harbor) Mark as: SECRET The US Plans for War in the Pacific UNITED STATES PACIFIC FLEET U. S. S. PENNSYLVANIA, FLAGSHIP Cincpac file no. A16/WPPac-46(16) Serial 063W PEARL HARBOR, T. H., July 25, 1941  <<<<< (Four Months before the Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor) From: Commander-in-Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet. To: Distribution List for WPPac-46. Subject: WPPac-46. 1. The subject publication is distributed herewith. This Plan has not yet been approved by the Chief of Naval Operations but may be placed in effect prior to the receipt of such approval. Page 491 2. Attention is invited to the Introduction, Chapter III, article 0301 of the Plan concerning the preparation of supporting plans by Task Force Commanders. At the present time it is desired that the following submit supporting plans for approval by the Commander-in-Chief: Commanders Task Forces Two, Three, Six, Seven and Nine. (Commander Task Force Nine may, if he desires, delegate preparation of the plan to the Senior Officer of that type in the Hawaiian Area.) The Commanders of the Naval Coastal Frontiers addressed may provide for the accomplishment of such tasks as are assigned them in this O-1 Plan by including suitable measures in their O-4 or other plans, rather than to prepare separate supporting plans for this O-1 Plan. The Commander Southeast Pacific Force (Commander Cruiser Division Three) is required to submit the plan for operations of that force after its detachment from the Fleet to the Chief of Naval Operations for approval. 3. Supporting Plans as required above will be submitted for approval of the Commander-in-Chief prior to 20 August 1941. After approval they will be incorporated with the Fleet Plan as annexes as prescribed by the Commander-in-Chief. 4. Further annexes prepared by the Commander-in-Chief to cover operations to be undertaken in later phases of the war will be distributed when completed and approved. 5. Suitable binders for this Plan will be forwarded as soon as received by this command.                                                            H. E. KIMMEL. [i]                              Mark as: SECRET                                         UNITED STATES PACIFIC FLEET                           U. S. S. PENNSYLVANIA, Flagship CinCpac File A16/WPPac-46(16) Serial 056W.                                      PEARL HARBOR, T. H., July 21, 1941. From: Commander-in-Chief, U. S PACIFIC FLEET To: Distribution List for WPPac-46. Subject: WPPac-46, promulgation of. Enclosures:    (A) Pages for WPPac-46; Reg. No. 5 including list of effective pages.    (B) Receipt form in duplicate. 1. U. S. PACIFIC FLEET Operating Plan Rainbow Five (Navy Plan O-1 Rainbow Five) (WPPac-46) is promulgated herewith. Holders of Commander-in-Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet Secret letter A16 (R-5)040W of May 27, 1941and the tentative Operation Plan promulgated  thereby, will destroy them by burning and make report of destruction to the Commander-in-Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet. 2. A receipt form is enclosed to be accomplished and forwarded to the Chief of Naval Operations (Registered Publications Section). 3. This publication will be handled and accounted for in accordance with the instructions contained in the Navy Regulations, the System of War Planning and the Registered Publication Manual. 4. This volume shall not be carried in aircraft, and when not in use, shall be kept in Class "A" storage as prescribed in the Registered Publication Manual. 5. IT IS FORBIDDEN TO MAKE EXTRACTS FROM OR COPY PORTIONS OF THIS PUBLICATION WITHOUT SPECIFIC AUTHORITY FROM THE CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS, EXCEPT AS PROVIDED FOR IN CURRENT EDITION OF THE REGISTERED PUBLICATION MANUAL. 6. SPECIAL WARNING-the contents of this publication shall be given the minimum dissemination compatible with thorough preparation of the subordinate plans. P. C. Crosley,                                             H. E. KIMMEL. P. C. CROSLEY     Flag Secretary. Page 492 [ii] U. S. Pacific Fleet Operating Plan-Rainbow Five (Navy Plan O-1,Rainbow Five)                     LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES-WPPac-46 Subject Matter                          Page Number [1]      Change                                                             in effect Promulgating letter CincPac file                          Original    A16/WPPac-46(16) Serial 056W    of July 21, 1941. List of Effective Pages, WP Pac-46      ii                      " Table of Corrections                    iii                     " Distribution List                       iv                      " Title Page                              1                       " Table of Contents                       2, 2a, 2b               " Parts I to V (incl.)                    3-52 incl.              "                                         52a-52h incl.           "                                         56a-66d incl.           "                                         57-74 incl.             " Annex I                                 I-1 to I-11 incl.       " Annex II                                II-1 to II-9 incl.      " Annex III                               III-1 to III-5 incl.    " Annex IV                                IV-1 to IV-3 incl.      " [1] Pages referred to are indicated by italic figures enclosed by brackets and represent pages of original exhibit. [iii] TABLE OF CORRECTIONS               Date of Change No.    Entry       Signature and rank of officer entering change __________    ________    _____________________________________________ __________    ________    _____________________________________________ __________    ________    _____________________________________________ [iv]                        DISTRIBUTION LIST                                                                   Registered Official to Whom Issued                                           Nos. Chief of Naval Operations                               1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Commander-in-Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet                             7, 8 Commander-in-Chief, U. S. Atlantic Fleet                               9 Commander-in-Chief, U. S. Asiatic Fleet                           10, 11 Commander, Task Force One (Combatfor)                             12, 13 Commander, Task Force Two (Comairbatfor)                          14, 15 Commander, Task Force Three (Comscofor)                           16, 17 Commander, Battleships Battle Force                                   18 Commander, Battleship Division One                                    19 Commander, Battleship Division Two                                    20 Commander, Cruisers Battle Force                                      22 Commander, Cruiser Division Three                                     23 Commander, Carrier Division One                                       25 Commander, Destroyers Battle Force                                    26 Commander, Destroyer Flotilla One                                     27 Commander, Minecraft Battle Force                                     28 Commander, Cruisers Scouting Force                                    29 Commander, Cruiser Division Five                                      30 Commander, Cruiser Division Six                                       31 Commander, Aircraft Scouting Force                                    32 Commander, Patrol Wing Two                                            33 Commander, Submarines Scouting Force                                  34 Commander, Base Force                                             35, 36 Commanding General, Second Marine Division                            37 Commandant, Naval Station, Samoa                                      38 Commandant, Eleventh Naval District                                   39 Commandant, Twelfth Naval District                                    40 Commandant, Thirteenth Naval District                                 41 Commandant, Fourteenth Naval District                                 42 Commandant, Fifteenth Naval District                                  43   Commander-in-Chief, U. s. Pacific Fleet is holding registered numbers 21, 24, and 44 to 60 in reserve. Page 493                           Mark as: SECRET [1]          U. S. PACIFIC FLEET OPERATING PLAN-RAINBOW FIVE                       (NAVY PLAN O-1, RAINBOW FIVE)                                  WPPac-46 [2]                         TABLE OF CONTENTS                        Subject                             Page Nos. [1] Introduction:   Chapter I. Navy Basic War Plan (Rainbow Five) ....................   3   Chapter II. Format of Fleet Plans ................................   4   Chapter III. Subordinate Plans ...................................   6   Chapter IV. Mobilization .........................................   8 Part I. Task Organization, Assumptions, Information:   Chapter I. Task Organization .....................................   9   Chapter II. Assumptions ..........................................  15     Section 1. General Assumptions .................................  15     Section 2. Special Assumption ..................................  16   Chapter III. Information .........................................  17     Section 1. General Information .................................  17     Section 2. Enemy Information ...................................  20     Section 3. Estimate of Enemy Action ............................  21 Part II. Outline of Tasks:   Chapter I. Tasks Assigned by Navy Basic Plan,-Mission ............  24   Chapter II. Tasks Formulated to Accomplish the Assigned Missions .  25 Part III. Task Assignment:   Chapter I. Phase I ...............................................  28     Section 1. Task Force One ......................................  28     Section 2. Task Force Two ......................................  29     Section 3. Task Force Three ....................................  30     Section 4. Task Force Nine (Patrol Plane Force) ................  30     Section 5. Task Force Seven (Undersea Force) ...................  33     Section 6. Task Force Eight (Mining Force) .....................  34     Section 7. Task Force Six (Logistic and Control Force) .........  35     Section 8. Naval Coastal Frontiers .............................  36     Section 9. Tasks Jointly Applicable ............................  38 [2a]   Chapter II. Phase IA .............................................  39     Section 1. Task Force One ......................................  39     Section 2. Task Force Two ......................................  40     Section 3. Task Force Three ....................................  41     Section 4. Task Force Nine (Patrol Plane Force) ................  42     Section 5. Task Force Seven (Undersea Force)....................  45     Section 6. Task Force Eight (Mining Force) .....................  48     Section 7. Task Force Six (Logistic and Control Force)..........  49     Section 8. Naval Coastal Frontiers .............................  50     Section 9. Tasks Jointly Applicable ............................  51   Chapter III. Phases Succeeding Phase IA ..........................  52     Section 1. Task Force One ......................................  52     Section 2. Task Force Two ...................................... 52a     Section 3. Task Force Three .................................... 52b     Section 4. Task Force Nine (Patrol Plane Force) ................ 52c     Section 5. Task Force Seven (Undersea Force) ................... 52d     Section 6. Task Force Eight (Mining Force) ..................... 52e     Section 7. Task Force Six (Logistic and Control Force) ......... 52f     Section 8. Naval Coastal Frontiers ............................. 52g     Section 9. Tasks Jointly Applicable ............................ 52h   Chapter IV. Execution of the Plan ................................  53   Chapter V. Initial Transfer of Units .............................  54 Part IV. Logistics:   Chapter I. General ...............................................  56   Chapter II. Transportation ....................................... 56a   Chapter III. Hospitalization and Evacuation ...................... 56b   Chapter IV. Prize Crews .......................................... 56c   Chapter V. Salvage ............................................... 56d Part V. Special Provisions:   Chapter I. Time to be Used  ......................................  57   Chapter II. Communications  ......................................  58   Chapter III. Location of Commander-in-Chief ......................  59   Chapter IV. Tentative Operations Plans-Phase I and IA ............  60     Section 1. Phase I .............................................  61     Section 2. Phase IA ............................................  68 [2b] Annex I. Patrol and Sweeping Plan .......................... I-1 to I-11 Annex II. Marshall Reconnaissance and Raiding Plan ........ II-1 to II-9 Annex III. Communication Plan ..........................  III-1 to III-5 Annex IV. Command Relationship and Coordination of Activities at             Outlying Bases ...............................  IV-1 to IV-3 [1] Pages referred to are indicated by italic figures enclosed by brackets and represent pages of original exhibit. Page 494 [3]                    Mark as: SECRET             U. S. PACIFIC FLEET OPERATING PLAN RAINBOW FIVE                      (NAVY PLAN O-1, RAINBOW FIVE)                                               INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I. NAVY BASIC WAR PLAN (RAINBOW FIVE) 0101. Navy Basic War Plan (Rainbow Five) is the directive which this U. S. PACIFIC FLEET Operating Plan (Rainbow Five) is designed to implement in so far as the tasks assigned the U. S. PACIFIC FLEET are concerned. As the Basic Plan is in the possession of most of the recipients of this Fleet Plan, only particularly pertinent parts of it will be repeated herein. These parts have to do chiefly with assumptions, concepts of enemy action. And tasks. [4]          CHAPTER I. FORMAT OF FLEET PLANS 0201. This Plan follows the standard War Plan form of WPL-8 except for small variations made for the purpose of facilitating ready reference and quick dissemination on the outbreak of war. These, in brief, are as follows: a. In Part I the order of presentation is:     Chapter I-Task Organization.     Chapter II-Assumptions.     Chapter III-Information. b. In Part II are incorporated:     Chapter I-Task assigned by Basic Plan.     Chapter II-Phases; and specific tasks, arranged by phases, for       accomplishing the assigned mission together with (in a few       instances) decisions as to how they will be initially carried out. c. In Part III the first three chapters each cover one phase. Within each of those chapters the tasks assigned to each task force are grouped in a separate section, except the naval coastal frontiers, which are grouped together. Pertinent special information and logistic instructions are placed with the tasks given therein or they are placed in an appropriate annex of this O-1 Plan. Where a task requires coordinated action with other task forces, reference is simply made to the annex which comprises the plan for such coordinated action d. Sections 1 and 2 of Chapter IV, Part V are tentative fleet operation plans which, when completed by the assignment of forces actually available at the time and modified to meet any change in the conditions which have been visualized in this Fleet War Plan (U. S. Pacific Fleet Operating Plan-Rainbow Five), are considered suitable, together with the annexes, for placing into effect the measures of Phase I and Phase IA of this Plan. In other words Chapter IV, Part V could be omitted as the material therein is completely covered in the text that precedes: [a] them. They are included, however, for the sake of clarity and in order to have immediately available tentative fleet operation plans in the conventional form with which all concerned are familiar. e. Annexes I, II, etc., are plans, special plans issued by the Commander-in-Chief for a particular purpose. They may be made effective separately if occasion requires. The forces affected are indicated in the annex itself. Some of the annexes may ultimately be only guides for promulgation of an operation order by despatch or letter. f. Supporting plans of subordinate commanders, which are prescribed in the next chapter, are to be appended as lettered annexes. [6]           CHAPTER III. SUBORDINATE PLANS 0301. Subordinate plans to support this Fleet Operating Plan will be prepared as follows: a. The Commanders of the forces designated in the Task Organization in Chapter I, Part I of this Plan, will prepare supporting plans for each assigned task, the accomplishment of which would be facilitated by further planning. b. These supporting plans will be, as closely as practicable, in the standard form of operation plans, and will be incorporated as annexes to this Fleet Operating Plan. Where the nature of the tasks lends itself to such procedure, the plan for their accomplishment may be in the form of a single annex. Where such is not the case, as where tasks are assigned in one or more of the Commander-in-Chief's annexes, several plans may be required. Page 495 c. Letter designations for annexes are assigned to each commander as listed below. The first annex to be prepared will be designated as "Letter-1", the second as "Letter-2", etc. It should be noted that if the nature of a task assigned at present does not require the preparation of a subordinate plan by a commander, the annex assigned him below will be vacant. Task Force One                                 A-1, etc. Task Force Two                                 B-1, " Task Force Three                               C-1, " Aircraft Scouting Force                        D-1, " Submarines Scouting Force                      E-1, " Minecraft Battle Force                         F-1, " Base Force                                     G-l, " Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier                H-1, " Pacific Southern Naval Coastal Frontier        J-1, " Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontier        K-1, " d. In the subordinate plans, forces should, in general, be listed in the task organization by organizations and approximate numbers of types rather than by name, unless it is known that specific units will be available. e. If a commander considers it desirable to disseminate the considerations which have governed his decision and task assignments, he should append a brief and sum- [2] marized estimate of the situation as an addendum to his plan. Auxiliary directives such as communication plans should also be appended as addenda to the task force commander's plan. f. If the execution of the subordinate plans would be facilitated by still further preliminary planning, task force commanders should require their group commanders to submit plans for the accomplishment of the tasks assigned them in the task force commander's plans. These will be designated as addenda, but will not be incorporated with this Fleet Plan. They need be submitted only to the task force commander for acceptance. g. If appropriate, each subsidiary plan will include in an addendum, the logistic requirements for carrying out the plan in so far as they can be foreseen. Such addenda may or may not be incorporated in the Fleet Plan, but, in every case copies will be supplied to Commander Base Force. h. The plans must be predicated upon realities and must provide for maximum possible utilization of forces presently available. Unless absolutely necessary plans should not be based upon either conceptions or material not reasonably attainable. When material, equipment or personnel, not immediately available, is necessary for the successful execution of the measures to be undertaken, this shall be made the subject of an addendum. The commander concerned shall take immediate action to remedy the deficiencies, forwarding necessary correspondence through the Commander-in-Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet. Thereafter the Commander-in-Chief shall be informed of corrections of these deficiencies as they occur. i. Task force commanders will employ, in subdividing their forces, the decimal system of numbering subdivisions. j. In numbering the pages of the plans which form annexes of this Fleet Plan, lower case letters to correspond to the letters assigned in subparagraph c above will be used. Thus the first page of the plan of Commander Task Force One will be "a-1".         Mark as: SECRET [8]             CHAPTER IV. MOBILIZATION 0401. At the date of issue of this plan, the U. S. Pacific Fleet has virtually mobilized, and is operating, with intensive security measures, from the Pearl Harbor base. It is expected, therefore, that the major portion of the Fleet can be ready for active service within four days of an order for general mobilization. To provide for the contingency of M- day being set prior to the date on which hostilities are to open, the day of execution of this Plan is designated throughout the Plan as W- day. The day that hostilities open with Japan will be designated J-day. This may or may not coincide with W-day. [9]    PART I. TASK ORGANIZATION, ASSUMPTIONS, INFORMATION                CHAPTER I. TASK ORGANIZATION 1101. The forces available to the Pacific Fleet are listed in the current Appendix II of the Basic Plan. In addition, the Commanders of the Pacific Southern Pacific Northern, and Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontiers, and the Commandants(Page 496)of the Naval Stations Guam and Samoa are considered to be officers ofthe U. S. Pacific Fleet, and, through them, the local defense andcoastal forces are subject to the orders of the Commander-in-Chief. 1102. For planning purposes, tasks are assigned to the commanders of the current task forces in the Fleet and to certain other commanders who are to become task force commanders as indicated in paragraph 1107 below. 1103. As of July 1, 1941, the major task forces, their commanders, and their broad tasks for which they are training, are as follows: Task Force One.-for covering operations-Commander Battle Force in command. Task Force Two.-for reconnaissance in force and raiding operations- Commander Aircraft Battle Force in command. Task Force Three.-for landing attack operations-Commander Scouting Force in command. 1104. The subdivision of the Fleet which is made in paragraph 1107 below is designed to provide a flexible overall task organization from which may be drawn the task forces to accomplish the operations which can be visualized at this time. It must be realized that for most operations, certain units must be transferred between task forces, some will be absent in the navy yard or for other reasons, and, in some cases, two or more task forces will be merged under the command of the senior officer concerned. Also many of the tasks assigned to a task force in this plan do not require the employment of the whole task force. In such cases the task force commander will utilize such units of his force as are required to accomplish the assigned task. [10]           CHAPTER I. TASK ORGANIZATION 1105. It is not expected that the Task Organization as shown below will be effective throughout the campaign. Rather it will be the basis for making up particular task organizations for the various operations that may be required. It will be the specific plans and orders in effect at any given time which will show the task organizations at that time. 1106. Units assigned to a task force or to a task group in the normal organization that are subsequently assigned to another task force or task group will thereafter continue as an integral part of the last organization to which assigned until released by the commander thereof. The commanders mentioned will release such units as promptly as the situation at the time permits when the period of assignment to their commands has terminated or when further reassignment is made by competent authority. [11]  1107. The Normal Task Organization for this Plan is as follows: 1. TASK FORCE ONE Commander Battle Force    Batdivs 2, 4 .......................................... 6 BB    SARATOGA .............................................. 1 CV    Crudivs 3, 9 .......................................... 5 CL    Desflot 1 less Desrons 5, 9 ........................... 4 OCL#                                                            2 DL                                                           16 DD#                                                            2 AD (#Includes Southeast Pacific Force of 2 OCL and 4 DD.) 2. TASK FORCE TWO Commander Aircraft Battle Force     Batdiv 1 ............................................  3 BB     Cardiv 2 less YORKTOWN ..............................  1 CV     Crudiv 5 ............................................  4 CA#     Desflot 2 less Desrons 4, 8 and Desdiv 50 ...........  1 OCL                                                            8 DD                                                            2 AD (#Includes Atlantic Reinforcement of 4 CA.) 3. TASK FORCE THREE Commander Scouting Force    Crudivs 4, 6 .........................................  8 CA    Cardiv 1 less SARATOGA ...............................  1 CV    Desrons 4, 5 .........................................  2 DL                                                           16 DD    Minron 3, less Mindivs 5, 6 ..........................  5 DM    Available Transports Base Force ...................... -- AP                                                           -- APD    2d Marine Div less Defense Batt.    2d Marine Air Group. Page 497 [12] 4. TASK FORCE NINE (Patrol Plane Force) Commander Aircraft Scouting    Force    All units of Aircraft Scouting Force ................. 107 VP                                                             2 AV                                                             2 AVP                                                             4 AVD    Utility Squadron from Base Force .....................  10 VJR 5. TASK FORCE SEVEN (Undersea Force) Commander Submarines Scouting    Force    All units of Submarines Scouting Force except        Sound School .....................................  30 SS                                                             2 OSS                                                             1 SM                                                             1 ODD                                                             3 AS                                                             2 ASR                                                             1 AM 6. TASK FORCE EIGHT (Mining Force) Commander Minecraft Battle Force    All units of Minecraft Battle Force ..................   1 CM                                                             8 DM 7. TASK FORCE SIX (Logistic & Control Force) Commander Base Force    All units of Base Force except AP, APD and Minron 3 ..   8 DMS      less Divs 5 and 6 and 10 VJ.                           4 AF                                                             6 AT                                                             1 AH                                                            13 AO                                                             2 AR                                                             1 ARD                                                             2 AK                                                             2 AE                                                             1 AKS                                                            10 AM                                                             4 AG                                                               Utility                                                                  Wing [13] 8. TASK FORCE FOUR (Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier) Commandant, Fourteenth Naval District.    Local defense forces. 9. TASK FORCE FIVE (Pacific Southern Naval Coastal Frontier) Commandant, Twelfth Naval District.    Coastal and local defense forces. 10. TASK FORCE TEN (Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontier) Commandant, Thirteenth Naval District.     Local defense forces. [14] 1108. The Southeast Pacific Force and the Atlantic Reinforcement, composed as indicated above, will operate under the Commander-in-Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet until specifically detached by the Chief of Naval Operations. They will not, however, be sent to such distances from Pearl Harbor as would prevent their arrival in the Canal Zone twenty-one days after their transfer is ordered.             Mark as: SECRET [15]             CHAPTER II. ASSUMPTIONS Section 1. General Assumptions 1211. The general assumptions on which this Plan is based are: a. That the Associated Powers, comprising initially the United States, the British Commonwealth, (less Eire), the Netherlands East Indies, the Governments in Exile, China, and the "Free French" are at war against the Axis powers, comprising either:     1. Germany, Italy, Roumania, Hungary, Bulgaria, or     2. Germany, Italy, Japan, Roumania, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Thailand.     Note. As of 22 June war exists between the European Axis and Russia,     and the latter may be tentatively considered as an ally against that     part of the Axis but not necessarily against Japan Page 498 b. That even if Japan and Thailand are not initially in the war, the possibility of their intervention must be taken into account. c. That Latin American Republics will take measures to control subversive elements, but will remain in a non-belligerent status unless subject to direct attack; in general, the territorial waters and land bases of these Republics will be available for use by United States forces for purposes of Hemisphere Defense. d. That the principal military effort of the Associated Powers will be in the Atlantic and European Areas, and that operations in other areas will be so conducted as to facilitate that effort. Therefore, transfer of units from the Pacific Fleet to the Atlantic Fleet is provided for in the Navy Basic Plan, and additional transfers may become necessary. e. That the Asiatic Fleet will not be reinforced by the Pacific Fleet, but that eventually, if Japan enters the war, heavy British reinforcements will be made in the Far East. [16]  Section 2. Special Assumption 1221. That the Pacific Fleet is virtually mobilized and is based at Pearl Harbor, but regular navy yard overhauls are in progress which would reduce forces immediately available by about one-fifth. [17]            CHAPTER III. INFORMATION Section 1. General Information 1311. a. The Pacific Area, which is under the command of the Commander- in Chief, Pacific Fleet, is that part of the area of the Pacific Ocean:    1. North of Latitude 30  North and west of Longitude 140  East    2. North of the equator and east of Longitude 140  East.    3. South of the equator and east of Longitude 180  to the South       American Coast and Longitude 74  West.    4. Less waters in which Canada may assume strategic direction of       military forces. b. In addition, the United States will afford support to British Naval Forces in the regions south of the equator, as far west as Longitude 155  East. c. The Southeast Pacific Sub-Area, when established, will be that part of the Pacific Area south of the Panama Naval Coastal Frontier and between the West Coast of South America and approximately Longitude 95 West. d. The Pacific Southern Naval Coastal Frontier includes the coastal zone extending from the northern boundary of California to the southern boundary of Mexico. e. The Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontier includes the coastal zone of the Northwestern United States north of the northern boundary of California, and, in addition, Alaska. f. The Pacific sector of the Panama Naval Coastal Frontier includes the coastal zone defined to be within a broken line drawn from the Mexico- Guatemala boundary to a point in Latitude 5  South, Longitude 95  West and thence to the Peru-Ecuador border, and to include the sea routes near the southern and western borders of that zone. [18]  g. The Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier consists of Oahu, and all the land and sea areas required for the defense of Oahu. The coastal zone extends to a distance of 500 miles from all the Hawaiian Islands, including Johnston and Palmyra Islands and Kingman Reef. h. The Far East Area is defined as the area from the coast of China in Latitude 30  North, east to Longitude 140  East, thence south to the equator, thence east to Longitude 141  East, thence south to the boundary of Dutch New Guinea on the south coast, thence westward to Latitude 11  South, Longitude 120  East, thence south to Latitude 13 South, thence west to Longitude 92  East, thence north to Latitude 20 North, thence to the boundary between India and Burma. i. In the Far East Area, responsibility for the strategic direction of the naval forces of the Associated Powers, except of naval forces engaged in supporting the defense of the Philippines will be assumed by the British Naval Commander-In-Chief, China. The Commander-in-Chief, United States Asiatic Fleet, will be responsible for the direction of naval forces engaged in supporting the defense of the Philippines. j. The Australia and New Zealand Area comprises the Australian and New Zealand British Naval Stations west of Longitude 180  and south of the equator. The British Naval Commander-in-Chief, China, is responsible for the strategic direction of the naval forces of the Associated Powers operating in this Area. Page 499 1312. The foregoing delineation of principal areas and the agreements as to cooperation between the United States and the British Commonwealth are contained in the Report of United States-British Staff Conversations (ABC-1).Joint United States-Canada War Plan No. 2 (ABC-22) is now in the process of preparation. Similar agreements with the Netherlands East Indies are being made. [19] 1313. The following principles of command will obtain: a. As a general rule, the forces of the United States and those of the United Kingdom should operate under their own commanders in the areas of responsibility of their own Power. b. The assignment of an area to one Power shall not be construed as restricting the forces of the other Power from temporarily extending appropriate operations into that area, as may be required by particular circumstances. c. The forces of either Power which are employed normally under the strategic direction of an established commander of the other, will, with due regard to their type, be employed as task forces charged with the execution of specific strategic tasks. These task forces will operate under their own commanders and will not be distributed into small bodies attached to the forces of the other Power. Only exceptional military circumstances will justify the temporary suspension of the normal strategic tasks. d. When units of both Powers cooperate tactically, command will be exercised by that officer of either Power who is the senior in rank, or if of equal rank, of time in grade. e. United States naval aviation forces employed in British Areas will operate under United States Naval command, and will remain an integral part of United States Naval task forces. Arrangements will be made for coordination of their operations with those of the appropriate Coastal Command groups. 1314. The concept of the war in the Pacific, as set forth in ABC-1 is as follows:     Even if Japan were not initially to enter the war on the side of the     Axis Powers, it would still be necessary for the Associated Powers     to deploy their forces in a manner to guard against Japanese     intervention.    If Japan does enter the war, the military strategy in     the Far East will be defensive. [20] The United States does not     intend to add to its present military strength in the Far East but     will employ the United States Pacific Fleet offensively in the     manner best calculated to weaken Japanese economic power and to     support the defense of the Malay barrier by diverting Japanese     strength away from Malaysia. The United States intends to so augment     its forces in the Atlantic and Mediterranean areas that the British     Commonwealth will be in a position to release the necessary forces     for the Far East. Section 2. Enemy Information 1321. Information of the enemy will be disseminated prior to and on the execution of this Plan, by means of intelligence reports. 1322. Information which is of special interest with respect to a specific task is included with that task in Part III or in the Annexes. [21]  Section 3. Estimate of Enemy Action 1331. It is believed that German and Italian action in the Pacific will be limited to commerce raiding with converted types, and possibly with an occasional pocket battleship or heavy cruiser. 1332. It is conceived that Japanese action will be as follows: a. The principal offensive effort to be toward the eventual capture of Malaysia (including the Philippines) and Hong Kong. b. The secondary offensive efforts to be toward the interruption of American and Allied sea communications in the Pacific, the Far East and the Indian Ocean, and to accomplish the capture of Guam and other outlying positions. c. The offensive against China to be maintained on a reduced scale only. d. The principal defensive efforts to be:    1. Destruction of threatening naval forces.    2. Holding positions for their own use and denying positions in the       Central and Western Pacific and the Far East which may be suitable       for advanced bases.    3. Protecting national and captured territory and approaches. 1333. To accomplish the foregoing it is believed that Japan's initial action will be toward: a. Capture of Guam. b. Establishment of control over the South China Sea, Philippine waters, and the waters between Borneo and New Guinea, by the establishment of advanced bases, Page 500 and by the [22] destruction of United States and allied  air and naval forces in these regions, followed by the capture of Luzon. c. Capture of Northern Borneo. d. Denial to the United States of the use of the Marshall-Caroline- Marianas area by the use of fixed defenses, and, by the operation of air forces and light naval forces to reduce the strength of the United States Fleet. e. Reinforcement of the Mandate Islands by troops, aircraft and light naval forces. f. Possibly raids or stronger attacks on Wake, Midway and other outlying United States positions. 1334. The initial Japanese deployment is therefore estimated to be as follows: a. Troops and aircraft in the Homeland, Manchukuo, and China with strong concentrations in Formosa and Hainan, fairly strong defenses in the Carolines, and comparatively weak but constantly growing defenses in the Marshalls. b. Main fleet concentration in the Inland Sea, shifting to a central position (possibly Pescadores) after the capture of Guam and the reinforcement of the Mandates. c. A strong fleet detachment in the Mindanao-Celebes area (probable main base in Halmahera). d. Sufficient units in the Japan Sea to counter moves of Russian Naval forces in that area. e. Strong concentration of submarines and light surface patrol craft in the Mandates, with such air scouting and air attack units as can be supported there. f. Raiding and observation forces widely distributed in the Pacific, and submarines in the Hawaiian Area. [23] g. Obsolete and weaker units on patrol of coastal areas and focal areas of lines of communication. h. Merchant ships in neutral ports or proceeding home via detours wide of usual routes.                 Mark as: SECRET [24]                PART II. OUTLINE OF TASKS         CHAPTER I. TASKS ASSIGNED BY NAVY BASIC PLAN-MISSION 2101. The Navy Basic War Plan (Rainbow Five) assigns the following tasks within the Pacific Area to the U. S. Pacific Fleet: a. Support the forces of the associated powers in the Far East by diverting enemy strength away from the Malay Barrier, through the denial and capture of positions in the Marshalls, and through raids on enemy sea communications and positions; b. Prepare to capture and establish control over the Caroline and Marshall Island area, and to establish an advanced fleet base in Truk; c. Destroy axis sea communications by capturing or destroying vessels trading directly or indirectly with the enemy; d. Support British naval forces in the area south of the equator as far west as longitude 155  east; e. Defend Samoa in category "D"; f. Defend Guam in category "F"; g. Protect the sea communications of the associated powers by escorting, covering, and patrolling as required by circumstances, and by destroying enemy raiding forces; h. Protect the territory of the associated powers in the Pacific area and prevent the extension of enemy military power into the Western Hemisphere by destroying hostile expeditions and by supporting land and air forces in denying the enemy the use of land positions in that hemisphere; i. Cover the operations of the naval coastal frontier forces; j. Establish fleet control zones, defining their limits from time to time as circumstances require; k. Route shipping of associated powers within the fleet control zones. [26]  CHAPTER II. TASKS FORMULATED TO ACCOMPLISH THE ASSIGNED MISSIONS 2201. It will be noted that the tasks assigned in the previous chapter are based upon Assumption a2 of paragraph 1211 (Japan in the war). In formulating tasks the Commander-in-Chief has provided also for Assumption a1 and divides the tasks to be accomplished by the Pacific Fleet into phases, as follows: a. PHASE I-Initial tasks-Japan not in the war. b. PHASE IA-Initial tasks-Japan in the war. c. PHASE II, etc.-Succeeding tasks. Page 501 2202. Phase I tasks are as follows: a. Complete mobilization and prepare for distant operations; thereafter maintain all types in constant readiness for distant service. b. Maintain fleet security at bases and anchorages and at sea. e. Transfer the Atlantic reinforcement, if ordered. d. Transfer the Southeast Pacific Force, if ordered. e. Assign twelve patrol planes and two small tenders to Pacific Southern and a similar force to Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontier, on M- day. f. Assign two submarines and one submarine rescue vessel to Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontier on M.day. g. Protect the communications and territory of the associated powers and prevent the extension of enemy military power into the Western Hemisphere by patrolling with light forces and patrol planes, and by the action of striking groups as necessary. In so doing support the British Naval Forces south of the equator as far west as Longitude 155  East. h. Establish defensive submarine patrols at Wake and Midway. [26] 2202. i. Observe, with submarines outside the three mile limit, the possible raider bases in the Japanese mandates, if authorized at the time by the Navy Department. j. Prosecute the establishment and defense of subsidiary bases at Midway Johnston, Palmyra, Samoa, Guam and Wake, and at Canton if authorized. k. Continue training operations as practicable. l. Move the maximum practicable portion of second Marine Division to Hawaii for training in landing operations. m. Guard against surprise attack by Japan.                                Phase IA 2203. Phase IA tasks are as follows: a. Continue tasks outlined in 2202 a, b, g, h, and k. b. Accomplish such of the tasks in 2202 e, d, e, f, and j as have not been completed. c. Make an initial sweep for Japanese merchantmen and enemy raiders and tenders in the northern Pacific. d. Continue the protection of the territory and communications of the associated powers, and of the naval coastal frontier forces, chiefly by covering operations. e. 1. Make reconnaissance and raid in force on the Marshall Islands.    2. If available cruisers and other circumstances permit, make cruiser       raids against Japanese shipping in waters between Hansei Shoto and       Nanpo Shoto. f. Establish and maintain maximum practicable submarine patrols against Japanese forces and communications near the Japanese homeland. g. Maintain air patrols against enemy forces in the approaches to Oahu and outlying bases. [27] 2203. h. Escort important shipping, including troop movements, between the Hawaiian area and the West Coast. i. Route shipping in the fleet control zone when established. j. Augment the local defense forces of the Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier as necessary. k. Move from San Diego to Hawaii the remaining units and equipment of the Second Marine Division. l. Prepare to capture and establish control over the Marshall Island Area.                     Phase II and subsequent phases 2204. Tasks of Phase II and Subsequent Phases which can be formulated at this time are: a. Capture and establish a protected fleet anchorage in the Marshall Island area. b. Capture or deny other positions in the Marshall Island Area as necessary for further advance to the westward. c. Raid other Japanese land objectives and sea communications. d. Capture and establish an advanced fleet base at Truk. e. Continue uncompleted tasks of Phase IA. Page 502 [28]                    PART III. TASK ASSIGNMENT                              CHAPTER I. PHASE I Section 1. TASK FORCE ONE 3111. Task Force One will perform tasks as required by the following paragraphs of this section. 3112. When directed release two stall light cruisers and one destroyer division to become the Southeast Pacific Force as required by the navy basic plan. 3113. Perform the tasks assigned in the patrol and sweeping plan (Annex I). [29] Section 2. TASK FORCE TWO 3121. Task Force Two will: Perform the tasks assigned in the patrol and sweeping plan (Annex I). [30] Section 3. TASK FORCE THREE 3131. Task Force Three will perform the tasks assigned in the following paragraphs of this section. 3132. Perform the tasks assigned in the Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I). 3133. a. Move from San Diego to Hawaii the maximum practicable portion          of the Second Marine Division, employing attached transports.       b. Make preparations and train for landing attacks on Japanese          bases in the Marshalls for purposes of capture or demolition,          with particular emphasis on plan for capture of Eniwetok. Mark as: SECRET c. 1. Special Information As of July 1, 1941, the Marine defenses in Hawaii and the outlying islands are as follows:          MIDWAY -34 officers                  750 men                  6 5"/51 caliber guns                  12 3"/50 caliber AA guns                  30 0.50 caliber machine guns                  30 0.30 caliber machine guns                  4 searchlights.         JOHNSTON-18 men                  2 5"/51 caliber guns                  4 0.30 caliber machine guns          PALMYRA-4 officers                  101 men                  4 5"/51 caliber guns                  4 3"/50 caliber AA guns                  4 0.50 caliber machine guns                  4 0.30 caliber machine guns [31]             OAHU-32 officers                  620 men                  4 5"/51 caliber guns                  8 3"/50 caliber AA guns                  20 0.50 caliber machine guns                  16 0.30 caliber machine guns                  NOTE: The above personnel are defense battalion                    personnel only and are in addition to personnel                    employed in guard duty, barracks duty, etc.              WAKE-None. 2. Task Furnish additional defenses for outlying bases as may be requested by the Commander Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier and approved by the Commander-in-Chief. [32] Section 4. TASK FORCE NINE (PATROL PLANE FORCE) 3141. Task Force Nine will perform the tasks assigned in the following paragraphs of this section. 3142. On W-day transfer twelve patrol planes and two tenders to each of the Pacific Southern and Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontiers. Continue administration of these forces and rotate detail at discretion. 3143. Perform tasks assigned in the patrol and sweeping plan (Annex I). [33] Section 5. TASK FORCE SEVEN (UNDERSEA FORCE) 3151. Task Force Seven will perform tasks as required by the following paragraphs of this section. Page 503 3152. a. Special Information.       1. There are indications that Axis raiders have been basing in the          Marshall area.       2. The imminence of the entry of Japan into the-war requires a          deployment suitable for this eventuality.       3. NARWHAL and NAUTILUS are fitted to carry 13,500 gallons of          aviation gasoline each for fueling patrol planes. b. Task.    Maintain patrols required by the patrol and sweeping plan (Annex I). c. Special Logistics.    Logistic replenishment at Pearl Harbor and to a limited degree at    Midway. 3153. Assign one submarine division to Task Force Three as required for landing attack training. 3154. On W-day transfer two submarines and one submarine rescue vessel to Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontier to assist in defense of the Alaskan sector. Continue administration of these units and rotate detail at discretion. [34]  Section B. TASK FORCE EIGHT (MINING FORCE) 3161. Task Force Eight will: Continue operations and training under commanders Task Forces One and Two. [35] Section 7. TASK FORCE SIX (LOGISTIC & CONTROL FORCE) 3171. Task Force Six will perform tasks as required by the following paragraphs. 3172. Provide logistic service to the fleet and cooperate with Commander Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier in providing logistic services to outlying bases. 3173. Perform tasks required by The Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I). 3174. Maintain in the office of Commander Pacific Naval Coastal Frontier an officer to maintain liaison with respect to logistic requirements of the fleet, the loading of base force and NTS vessels, and the routing and protection of U. S and Allied shipping. Maintain close liaison with Commander Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier for the same purposes. 3175. Transfer ten VJR to Commander Task Force Nine. [36]              Mark as: SECRET                 Section 8. NAVAL COASTAL FRONTIERS          Task Force Four (Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier) 3181. Special Information. The Basic Plan assigns the following tasks to the Commander; Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier. a. Defend the Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier in Category "D". (Category "D"-May be subject to major attack). (N. B. The Commander-in-Chief U. S. Pacific Fleet, does not consider Category "D" will apply during Phase I.) b. Protect and route shipping within the Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier. c. Support the U. S. Pacific Fleet. d. Support the Army and Associated Forces within the Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier. 3182. By this Fleet Plan, Task Force Four is assigned the tasks below. a. Assist in providing external security for units of the Fleet in the Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier, in cooperation with the Army and the units concerned. (As of the date of issue of this plan, the security plan of the Commander, Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier (as Commander, Base Defense) is already in effect). b. Prosecute the establishment of subsidiary bases at Midway, Johnston, Palmyra, and Wake, and at Canton if authorized. Assist as practicable in the development of Samoa and Guam. c. Make the facilities of outlying bases available for Fleet units operating in the vicinity; and directly and through own task group commanders cooperate with other task force and task group commanders in coordinating the military activities at these bases. (See Annex IV.)        Mark as: SECRET             U. S. PACIFIC FLEET OPERATING PLAN-RAINBOW FIVE                               (NAVY PLAN 0-1, RAINBOW FIVE)                        PART III. TASK ASSIGNMENT                           CHAPTER 1. PHASE I. [37] 3182. d. Utilize units of the Fleet Marine Force, made available for the purpose, to defend Midway, Johnston, and Palmyra, and, when authorized Wake and Canton. Page 504 Task Force Five (Pacific Southern) and Task Force Ten (Pacific Northern                          Naval Coastal Frontier) 3183. Commanders Task Forces Five and Ten perform tasks assigned by the Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I). [38]                   Section 9. TASKS JOINTLY APPLICABLE 3191. Until detached from the Fleet, all forces less those of Naval Coastal Frontiers will perform the following tasks: a. Units in the Hawaiian Area complete mobilization at Pearl Harbor by the end of four W-day; units designated for early operations complete mobilization prior to the time designated for their operations to commence. Units on the Pacific Coast complete mobilization there as rapidly as possible. b. Maintain vessels of all types in constant readiness for distant service. c. Maintain internal and external security of forces at all times, cooperation with commanders of naval coastal frontiers while within the limits of those frontiers. Guard against surprise attack by Japanese forces. d. Continue such training activities of the fleet as the commander-in- chief may direct. e. Reinforce local defense and coastal forces as directed f. Protect the territory and communications of the associated powers, the operations of coastal forces, and troop movements by covering and other operations as directed by the commander-in-chief. [39]                          CHAPTER II. PHASE IA Section 1. TASK FORCE ONE 3211. Task Force One will perform tasks as required by the following paragraphs of this section. 3212. Perform task assigned in the patrol and sweeping plan (Annex I). 3213. Reinforce and support operations of Task Force Two as required in the Marshall reconnaissance and raiding plan (Annex II). [40] Section 2. TASK FORCE TWO 3221. Task Force Two will perform tasks as required by the following paragraph. 3222. Conduct reconnaissance and raid in force against the Marshalls as required in the Marshall reconnaissance and raiding plan (Annex II). [41] Section 3. TASK FORCE THREE 3231. Task Force Three will perform tasks as required by the following paragraphs of this section. 3232. Conduct initial sweep against enemy commerce and raiders as required in The Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I). 3233. Reinforce Task Force Two as required by the Marshall Reconnaissance and Raiding Plan (Annex II). 3234. Move from San Diego to Hawaii the remaining units and equipment of the Second Marine Division and continue training for landing exercises. 3235. Continue task assigned in subparagraph 3133 c, 2. [42] Section 4. TASK FORCE NINE (PATROL PLANE FORCE) 3241. Task Force Nine will perform tasks as required in the following paragraphs of this section. Mark as: SECRET 3242. A. Special Information.   1. Patrol plane operations from Midway, Wake, Johnston, Palmyra, and Canton are feasible, the extent of such operations being dependent upon the defenses, facilities and supplies available at the time operations commence. Those defenses, facilities and supplies are being augmented. As of July 1, 1941 tenders cannot base at Wake or Canton, but Pan- American Airways' facilities may be used by special arrangement or by commandeering. A project for the improvement of Wake as a base is underway. No such project for Canton has been approved. 2. No aircraft are assigned at present to the Commander, Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier. 3. Our submarines will assist in the defense of Midway and Wake, and will habitually operate offensively in enemy waters. Page 505 4. Land defenses exist on outlying islands, as described in paragraph 3133c, 1. Commander Task Force Four (Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier) is charged with the defense of these outlying islands and will make them available for patrol plane operations. 5. It is believed that enemy action in the area subject to our patrol plane search will comprise: (a) Submarine raids and observation off Oahu and outlying islands and along our lines of communication. [43] (b) Surface raids on our lines of communications. (c) Surface and air raids against Wake and possibly against Midway, Johnston, Palmyra and Canton. (d) Possibly carrier raid against Oahu. Mark as: SECRET b. Tasks. 1. Perform patrols required by patrol and sweeping plan (Annex I). 2. Subject to the specific tasks prescribed elsewhere in this plan, operate patrol planes in the Hawaiian Area including outlying islands so as to gain the earliest possible information of advancing enemy forces. Use them offensively only when other types of our own are not within striking distance, and the risk of damage to the planes is small; or when the importance of inflicting damage on the objective appears to justify the risk of receiving the damage which may result. 3. Coordinate the service of information with the operations of other forces. 4. Perform tasks assigned in the Marshall reconnaissance and raiding plan (Annex II). 5. Coordinate operations of patrol planes with submarines operating in same general area. 6. Withdraw patrol planes from advance bases when necessary to avoid disproportionate losses. [44] 3242. b. 7. Maintain not less than two squadrons (one may be VJ Squadron from base force) based on Oahu at all times. During the absence of major portions of the fleet from the vicinity of Oahu, such squadrons, at discretion, may be temporarily transferred to commander Task Force Four (Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier). c. Special Logistics. Logistic support at outlying bases will be supplied by own tenders, Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier, Base Force, and, if necessary, by Pan- American Airways facilities. [45]   Section 5. TASK FORCE SEVEN (UNDERSEA FORCE) 3251. Task Force Seven will perform tasks as required by the following paragraph. 3252a 1. Special Information. 1. Surface units of the Fleet will initially conduct the operations required by the Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I) and the Marshall Reconnaissance and Raiding Plan (Annex II). Thereafter operations will be conducted for the capture of the Marshalls and Carolines, with occasional sweeps toward the Marianas and the Japanese Homeland. 2. Our patrol planes will be operating from Midway, and possibly Wake and Johnston Islands. 3. Japan is developing extensively the defenses of the Mandated Islands. Land planes are known to be based at Saipan, Truk and Jaluit and have been reported at Marcus Island. Air fields are believed to exist at Wotje and Maloelap. Port Lloyd in the Bonins is a minor operating base and some aircraft usually base there and at Hachijo Jima. Aircraft may be present on Amami Oshima. 4. Considerable air strength is based on the Japanese Homeland but it is believed that, with many commitments elsewhere and a general lack of patrol planes, the air patrol surrounding the Homeland will not be particularly intensive. 5. The main units of the Japanese Fleet will probably be operating from the Inland Sea. 6. All important harbors will probably be mined and netted against submarines and are well fortified. A considerable number of small patrol craft must be expected. [46] 3252. a. 7. The southwestern and western lines of communications from Japan may be considered vital needs and those toward the Mandates are very important. 8. It is expected that all Japanese Merchantmen will be armed or will be operating under naval control, and will therefore be subject to submarine attack. Specific instructions on this subject will be issued later. Page 506 9. Arrangements will be made with the Commander-in-Chief, Asiatic Fleet, to extend the Pacific Area sufficiently for submarines to pass through the Nansei Shoto as far south as Latitude 28 -30' N. 10. Mining Japanese waters outside the three mile limit may be planned. The specific authority for such mining will be issued later. b. Tasks 1. Continue patrol of two submarines each at Wake and Midway. 2. Establish maximum practicable initial patrol off the Japanese homeland and thereafter maintain it at the maximum strength permitted by operating conditions, giving Stations the following priority.    YOKOHAMA    BUNGO CHANNEL    KII CHANNEL    TSUSHIMA    NAGASAKI    SHIMONOSEKI    TSUGARU 3. Inflict maximum damage on enemy forces including shipping, utilizing torpedoes and mines, and, if appropriate, gunfire. [47] 3252. b. 4. Report important enemy movements by radio if success of attack mission is not thereby jeopardized. c. Special Logistics. Utilize facilities at Midway as necessary to increase endurance on patrol. [48] Section 6. TASK FORCE EIGHT (MINING FORCE) 3261. Task Force Eight will: Report to Commander Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier to augment the local defense forces during this phase. [49] Section 7. TASK FORCE SIX (LOGISTIC & CONTROL FORCE) 3271. Task Force Six will: Continue tasks assigned for Phase I and perform the tasks assigned in the patrol and sweeping plan (annex I) and the Marshall reconnaissance and raiding plan (annex II). [50] Section 8. NAVAL COASTAL FRONTIERS 3281. Task Force Five (Pacific Northern) and Task Force Ten (Pacific Southern Naval Coastal Frontier) will: Continue tasks assigned for phase I and perform the tasks assigned in the patrol and sweeping plan (annex I). 3282. Task Force Four (Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier) will: Continue tasks assigned for phase I. [51] Section 9. TASKS JOINTLY APPLICABLE 3291. All task forces concerned: a. Continue tasks assigned in paragraph 3191. b. Perform tasks assigned in the patrol and sweeping plan (annex I). [52]             CHAPTER III. PHASES SUCCEEDING PHASE IA Section 1. TASK FORCE ONE 3311. Task Force One will: Cover operations of other forces as prescribed in the Eniwetok plan (annex --), and other plans for the capture of the Marshalls and Carolines. [52a]  Section 2. TASK FORCE TWO 3321. Task Force Two will: Reinforce Task Forces One and Three as required in Eniwetok and other plans and perform such reconnaissance and raiding as is directed. [52b] Section 3. TASK FORCE THREE 3331. Task Force Three will: a. Continue training for landing attacks. b. Perform tasks assigned in Eniwetok plan (annex-) and other operations involving landing attacks. c. Patrol as directed in subsequent plans. d. Continue task assigned in subparagraph 3133 c, 2. Page 507 [52c] Section 4. TASK FORCE NINE (PATROL PLANE FORCE) 3341. Task Force Nine will: a. Continue tasks assigned in subparagraphs 3242 b, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 7. b. Perform tasks assigned in Eniwetok plan (annex --) and other plans for the capture of the Marshalls and Carolines. [52d] Section 5. TASK FORCE SEVEN (UNDERSEA FORCE) 3351. Task Force Seven will: a. Continue tasks assigned in subparagraphs 3252 b, 1, 2, 3, and 4. b. Carry out tasks assigned in Eniwetok plan (annex --) and other plans for the capture of the Marshalls and Carolines.             U. S. PACIFIC FLEET OPERATING PLAN-RAINBOW FIVE                   (NAVY PLAN O-1, RAINBOW FIVE)                     PART III. TASK ASSIGNMENT               CHAPTER III. PHASES SUCCEEDING PHASE IA [52e] Section 6. TASK FORCE EIGHT (MINING FORCE) 3361. Task Force Eight will: Perform such mining tasks as may be assigned in Eniwetok plan (annex-) and other operations and continue to augment local patrols as directed. [52f] Section 7. TASK FORCE SIX (LOGISTIC AND CONTROL FORCE) 3371. Task Force Six will: a. Continue tasks prescribed in paragraphs 3172 to 3174. b. Prepare plans for the establishment of a fleet anchorage at Eniwetok and a fleet base at Truk after the positions have been captured. [52g] Section 8. NAVAL COASTAL FRONTIERS 3381. Task Forces Four, Five, and Ten will: Continue the tasks assigned in paragraphs 3182 and 3183. [52h] Section 9. TASKS JOINTLY APPLICABLE 3391. All task forces concerned: Continue tasks assigned in paragraph 3291. [53]               CHAPTER IV. EXECUTION OF THE PLAN 3401. The execution of this Plan may be in one or two steps depending on whether Japan does or does not become a belligerent on the first day of execution. a. If action against European Axis Powers only is to be taken the dispatch will be "EXECUTE NAVY PLAN OPTION DASH ONE RAINBOW FIVE PHASE ONE". b. When action against JAPAN is to be taken the dispatch for execution will be "EXECUTE NAVY PLAN OPTION DASH ONE RAINBOW FIVE PHASE ONE AFIRM". 3402. In the event of an overt act of war by a foreign power against the United States prior to the existence of a state of war, it is the duty of the senior commander on the spot to take such action in the defense of his command and the national interests as the situation may require, and report the action taken to superior authority at once. [54]                  CHAPTER V. INITIAL TRANSFER OF UNITS 3501. The table below gives, for ready reference, a summary of the transfers to be made in going from the current peace time organization to the task organization as of W-Day and as of J-Day. Those transfers for W-Day will be made upon the placing into effect of Phase I of this Plan. Those for J-Day will be made when the execution of Phase IA is ordered. Units concerned will report by despatch to the commanders of the task forces to which they are transferring. Page 508 From               To             Unit Trans- Transfer   Remarks                                   ferred      effected ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Taskfor 1          Southeastern   2 OCL       W. D.*                    Pacific For.   1 Desdiv     "                    Taskfor 3.     1 CL        W-Day      For rotation on                                                          patrol until                                                          J-Day ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Taskfor 2          Taskfor 3      1 CA        W-Day      For rotation on                                                          patrol until                                                          J-Day                    Atlantic Reen. 4 CA        W. D.      If Atlantic                                                          Reen. is                                                          detached. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Taskfor 3          Taskfor 2      2 CA        W. D.      If Atlantic                                                          Reen. is                                                          detached.                    PSNCF          12 VPB      W-Day      Administration                                    1 AVD        "        remains. Units                                    1 AVP        "        may be rotated. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Taskfor 9 (Patrol  PNNCF          12 VPB      W-Day      Administration Plane Force                        1 AVD        "        remains. Units                                    1 AVP        "        may be rotated. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Taskfor 7 (Under-  PNNCF           2 SS       W-Day      Administration sea Force                          1 ASR        "        remains. Units                                                          may be rotated.                    Taskfor 3      NARWHAL or    "        Base Samoa. Re-                                   NAUTILUS               leased on J-Day [55] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Taskfor 8 (Minfor) Hawaiian NCF   1 CM        J-Day      Until further                                   8 DM          "        orders. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Taskfor 6(Logistic Taskfor 3      1 AO        W-Day      Base Samoa. Re- and Control For.)                                        leased on J-Day                                   1 AO        J-Day      For fueling at                                                          sea ships in                                                          initial sweep.                                                          To revert when                                                          released.                    Taskfor 2      2 AO          "        For fueling at                                                          sea ships in                                                          initial recon-                                                          naissance of                                                          Marshalls. To                                                          revert when re-                                                          leased.                    Taskfor 9      10 VJR        "        Until further                                                          orders. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ All Forces         Hawaiian NCF   As directed  W. D.                    Taskfor 6      Any ship    Prior to   For escort                    (Logistic and  passing be- scheduled  duty. To revert                    and Control    tween West  date of    on completion                    Force).        Coast and   departure.                                   Hawaii. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ *When directed. [56]                            PART IV. LOGISTICS                            CHAPTER I. GENERAL 4101. Commander Task Force Six (Logistics and Control Force) is charged with the logistic supply of the Fleet and, in cooperation with Commander Task Force Four (Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier), with supplying the present outlying bases in the Mid Pacific. He will make requests for replacements as required by paragraph 4322 g of the Navy Basic Plan. He will maintain a liaison officer in the office of Commander Task Force Five (Pacific Southern Naval Coastal Frontier) and, through him, will control the quantities and times of delivery of material and personnel requirements to the Fleet. In so far as practicable, a reserve of consumable supplies will be established and maintained at Pearl Harbor. After capture of bases in the MARSHALLS and CAROLINES a reserve of supplies will be maintained at these places, as permitted by storage and transportation facilities available. 4102. The supply of units of the Second Marine Division after they have left the West Coast will be included with that of the Fleet. 4103. Special logistic instructions affecting particular tasks have been included in the task assignments in Part III and the Annexes of this Plan. 4104. For the benefit of Commander Task Force Six, Commanders of other task forces will include, in the plans which they prepare, their logistic requirements as far as they can be foreseen. 4105. The requirements of the U. S. Pacific Fleet are placed in the second highest priority classification by paragraph 4261 of the Navy Basic Plan. [56a]                     CHAPTER II. TRANSPORTATION 4201. Commander Task Force Six (Logistics and Control Force), through his liaison officer in the office of Commander Task Force Five (Pacific Southern Naval Coastal Frontier), will coordinate the transportation of material and personnel by Fleet transportation facilities and the Naval Transportation Service. 4202. The Naval Transportation Service vessels assigned to assist in the supply of the Hawaiian and Alaskan areas will be shown in a revised Chapter IX, Page 509 Appendix II, of the Navy Basic Plan. If practicable, they will not be employed or transportation farther westward than Hawaii. 4203. The employment of commercial vessels to assist in transportation from the West Coast to Hawaii is most desirable and is acceptable to the Commander-in-Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet. [56b]       CHAPTER III. HOSPITALIZATION AND EVACUATION 4301. The facilities of the Fleet including those of hospital ships, advanced base hospitals and mobile medical units will, as far as practicable, provide hospitalization for sick and wounded personnel. 4302. As necessary, such personnel will, under the coordinated supervision of he task force commanders responsible for the personnel and for the transportation facilities employed, be evacuated to the nearest shore establishment having hospital space available. 4303. The ships concerned will furnish hospitalization to embarked Army forces until ineffectives can be transferred ashore. [56c]                       CHAPTER IV. PRIZE CREWS 4401. The Navy Department will furnish prize crews as follows: U. S. Pacific Fleet-8, Southeast Pacific Force-8. If those for the Pacific Fleet are available they will be placed aboard ships assigned to make the search for enemy merchant ships in the Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I). [56d]                         CHAPTER V. SALVAGE 4501. All units, particularly of Task Force Six (Logistic and Control Force) and suitable units of Task Force Seven (Underseas Force) will render salvage service, as practicable, to naval and other vessels in the Pacific Area outside of a zone lying 500 miles from the continental United States, Alaska, and Panama. Within the above mentioned zone, salvage service will be rendered by the shore establishment. [57]                     PART V. SPECIAL PROVISIONS                     CHAPTER I. TIME TO BE USED 5101. GREENWICH Civil Time will be used in carrying out this Plan. [58]                     CHAPTER II. COMMUNICATIONS 5201. Communications will be in accordance with USF-70 as modified by Annex III to this Plan. [59]               CHAPTER III. LOCATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF 5301. The Fleet will be kept informed of the location of the Commander- in-Chief. [60]           CHAPTER IV. TENTATIVE OPERATION PLANS-PHASES I AND IA 5401. Tentative Operation Plans Nos. 1-R5 and 1A-R5 as formulated below are designed to facilitate the promulgation and execution of the tasks assigned for Phases I and IA of this U. S. Pacific Fleet Operating Plan (Rainbow Five). It is expected that they will be modified and executed by dispatch when the corresponding Phase of this O-1 Plan is placed in effect as prescribed in paragraph 3401. [61] Section 1. Phase I                                          United States Pacific Fleet                                          U. S. S. PENNSYLVANIA, Flagship                                          Place                                          Date Operation Plan No. 1-R5                       Initial Task Organization (See paragraph 1107 of this Plan for normal organization) (a) Task Force One-Commander Battle Force.-Normal units this task force plus 1/2 minecraft less 1 cruiser in rotation to Task Force Three patrol pool. Page 510 (b) Task Force Two-Commander Aircraft, Battle Force.-Normal units this task force plus 1/2 minecraft less one cruiser in rotation to Task Force Three patrol Pool. (c) Task Force Three-Commander Scouting Force.-Normal units this task force plus 1 cruiser each from Task Forces One and Two for cruiser patrol pool plus 1 SS from Task Force Seven, 1 AO from Task Force Six, and (on request) 1 patron and tender from Task Force Seven for South Pacific operations. (d) Task Force Nine (Patrol Plane Force) (S. O. P. Airscofor Hawaiian Area).-Normal units this task force less 24 VP and tenders transferred to Naval Coastal Frontiers, and (if requested by Commander Task Force Three) 1 patron and tender to Task Force Three. [62] (e) Task Force Seven (Undersea Force)-Commander Submarines Scouting Force.-Normal units this task force less 2 SS and 1 ASR to Task Force Ten and 1 SS to Task Force Three. (f) Task Force Eight (Mining Force).-Non-operative as such; normal units thereof being divided between Task Forces One and Two. (g) Task Force Six (Logistic and Control Force)-Commander Base Force.- Normal units this task force plus any units transferred from other forces for escort duty West Coast-Hawaii less 1 AO to Task Force Three. (h) Task Force Four (Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier)-Commandant Fourteenth Naval District.-Normal units this task force plus units from other fleet forces when and if the Commander-in-Chief directs transfer. (i) Task Force Five (Pacific Southern Naval Coastal Frontier)-Commandant Twelfth Naval District.-Normal units this task force plus 12 VP and tender from Task Force Nine. (j) Task Force Ten (Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontier)-Commandant Thirteenth Naval District.-Normal units this task force plus 12 VP and tender from Task Force Nine plus 2 SS and 1 ASR from Task Force Seven [63] 1. Information, Assumptions, etc., as previously given in Parts I, II and III of Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five. 2. This Fleet will, in the Pacific Area, protect the territory and sea communications of the Associated Powers and will support British Naval Forces south of the equator as far west as Longitude 155  East, while continuing training and guarding against attack by Japan. 3. (a) Task Force One-       (1) When directed release two small light cruisers and one       destroyer division to become the Southeast Pacific Force as       required by the Navy Basic Plan.       (2) Perform the task assigned in the Patrol and Sweeping Plan       (Annex I) (b) Task Force Two.-(1) Perform the tasks assigned in the Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I) (c) Task Force Three.-     (1) Maintain the patrols required by the Patrol and Sweeping Plan     (Annex I).     (2) Move from San Diego to Hawaii the maximum practicable portion of     the Second Marine Division, employing attached transports.     (3) Make preparations and train for landing attacks on Japanese     bases in the Marshalls for purposes of capture or demolition, with     particular emphasis on plan for capture of Eniwetok. [64]     (4) Furnish additional defenses for outlying bases as may be     requested by Commander Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier and approved     by the Commander-in-Chief. (d) Task Force Nine (Patrol Plane Force).-     (1) Transfer twelve patrol planes and two tenders to each of the     Pacific Southern and Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontiers.     Continue administration of these forces and rotate detail at     discretion.     (2) Perform tasks assigned in the Patrol and Sweeping Plan     (Annex I). (e) Task Force Seven (Undersea Force).-     (1) Maintain patrols required by the Patrol and Sweeping Plan     (Annex I).     (2) Assign one submarine division to Task Force Three as required     for landing attack training.     (3) Transfer two submarines and one submarine rescue vessel to     Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontier to assist in defense of the     Alaska sector. Continue administration of these units and rotate     detail at discretion. (f) Task Force Eight (Mining Force).-     (1) Continue training under Commander Task Force One. (g) Task Force Six (Logistic and Control Force).-     (1) Provide logistic services to the Fleet and cooperate with     Commander Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier in providing logistic     services to outlying bases. Page 511 [65]     (2) Perform tasks required by the Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I)     (3) Maintain in the Office of Commander Pacific Naval Coastal     Frontier an officer to maintain liaison with respect to logistic     requirements of the Fleet, the loading of Base Force and Naval     Transportation Service vessels, and the routing and protection of     United States and Allied shipping. Maintain close liaison with     Commander Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier for the same purposes. (h) Task Force Four (Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier).-     (1) Assist in providing external security for units of the Fleet in     the Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier, in cooperation with the Army     and the units concerned.     (2) Prosecute the establishment of subsidiary bases at Midway,     Johnston, Palmyra, and Wake, and at Canton is authorized. Assist as     practicable in the development of Samoa and Guam.     (3) Make the facilities of the outlying bases available for Fleet     units operating in the vicinity and cooperate with Commanders of     Mobile Forces in coordinating the military activities at these     bases. (See Annex IV).     (4) Utilize units of the Fleet Marine Force, made available for the     purpose to defend Midway, Johnston, and Palmyra, and, when     authorized, Wake and Canton. (i) Task Force Five (Pacific Southern Naval Coastal Frontier).-     (1) Perform tasks assigned by the Patrol and Sweeping Plan     (Annex I). [66] (j) Task Force Ten (Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontier).-     (1) Perform tasks assigned by Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I). (X) (1) Units in the Hawaiian area complete mobilization at Pearl Harbor     within four days of date of execution of this Plan; units designated     for early operations complete mobilization prior to the time     designated for their operations to commence. Units on the Pacific     Coast complete mobilization there as rapidly as possible.     (2) Maintain vessels of all types in constant readiness for distant     service.     (3) Maintain internal and external security of forces at all times,     cooperating with the Commanders of Naval Coastal Frontiers while     within the limits of those frontiers. Guard against surprise attack     by Japanese Forces.     (4) Continue such training activities of the-Fleet as the Commander-     in-Chief may direct.     (5) Reinforce local defense and coastal forces as directed.     (6) Protect the territory and communications of the Associated     Powers, the operations of coastal forces, and troop movements by     covering and other operations as directed by the Commander-in-Chief. 4. Logistic replenishment at Pearl Harbor, on the West Coast, and as specially provided for in the Annexes. 5. (a) Communications in accordance with U. S. F. Seventy, as modified by Annex III. (b) Use Greenwich Civil Time. (c) The Commander-in-Chief will keep the Fleet advised of his location.                                             _________ _________,                                             Admiral, U. S. Navy,                                             Commander-in-Chief,                                             United States Pacific Fleet. [68] [sic]         CHAPTER IV. TENTATIVE OPERATION PLANS-PHASES I AND IA Section 2. Phase IA                              Tentative                                        United States Pacific Fleet                                        U. S. S. PENNSYLVANIA, Flagship,                                        Place                                        Date. Operation Plan No. 1A-R5.                    Initial task organization (See Basic Fleet Plan for normal organization.) (a) Task Force One. Commander Battle Force.-Normal units this task force less any cruiser absent on patrol with Task Force Three less 1 CV and all other large CL's to Task Force Two for reconnaissance of MARSHALLS. (b) Task Force Two. Commander Aircraft, Battle Force.-Normal units this task force plus 1 CV and available CL's (approximately 4) from Task Force One plus 1 CV from Task Force Three less any cruiser absent on patrol with Task Force Three. Page 512 (c) Task Force Three. Commander Scouting Force.-Same as for Operation Plan 1-R5 less 1 CV to Task Force Two less 1 SS and 1 AO from SAMOA returned to their respective normal task forces plus 1 AO from Task Force Six for fueling at sea. (d) Task Force Nine (Patrol Plane Force) Senior Officer Present, Aircraft Scouting Force, HAWAIIAN AREA).-Same as for Operation Plan 1- R5. [69]                       PART V. SPECIAL, PROVISIONS          CHAPTER IV. TENTATIVE OPERATIONS PLANS-PHASES I AND IA Section B. Phase IA (e) Task Force Seven (Undersea Force) Commander Submarines, Scouting Force.     Same as for Operation Plan 1-R5     plus 1 SS returned from Task Force Three. (f) Task Force Eight (Mining Force)     Non-operative as such, normal units thereof being detached from Task     Forces One and Two at end of Phase I and on commencement of Phase     IA being transferred to Task Force Four. (g) Task Force Six (Logistic and Control Force) Commander Base Force.     Same as for Operation Plan 1-R5,     plus 1 AO returned from Task Force Three     less 2 AO transferred to Task Force Two     less 1 AO transferred to Task Force Three. (h) Task Force Four (Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier) Commandant, Fourteenth Naval District.     Normal units this task force     plus all units of Minecraft, Battle Force. (i) Task Force Five (Pacific Southern Naval Coastal Frontier) Commandant Twelfth Naval District.     Same as for Operation Plan 1-R5. (j) Task Force Ten (Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontier) Commandant Thirteenth Naval District.     Same as for Operation Plan 1-R5. 1. Information, Assumptions as previously given in Parts I, II, and III of this Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five. [70] 2. This Fleet, while protecting the sea communications and territory of the Associated Powers in the Pacific Area, and supporting the operations of the British Navy south of the equator as far west as Longitude one hundred fifty-five degrees East, will: (a) Conduct an initial sweep with light forces and aircraft against enemy merchant ships and raiders. (b) Raid Japanese communications to westward of NANPO SHOTO with cruisers. (c) Patrol Japanese homeland with submarines. (d) Conduct a reconnaissance and raid against the MARSHALLS, in order to divert Japanese forces away from MALAYSIA, and to prepare for the capture of the MARSHALL-CAROLINE area. 3. (a) Task Force One. (1) Perform task assigned in the Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I to Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five). (2) Reinforce and support operations of Task Force Two as required in the MARSHALL Reconnaissance and Raiding Plan (Annex II to Navy Plan O-1 Rainbow Five). (b) Task Force Two. (1) Conduct Reconnaissance and Raid in force against the MARSHALLS as required in the MARSHALL Reconnaissance and Raiding Plan (Annex II to Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five). [71] (c) Task Force Three. (1) Conduct initial sweep against enemy commerce and raiders as required in the Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I to Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five). (2) Reinforce Task Force Two as required by the MARSHALL Reconnaissance and Raiding Plan (Annex II to Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five). (3) Move from SAN DIEGO to HAWAII the remaining units and equipment of the Second Marine Division and continue training for landing exercises. Page 513 (4) Continue preparations and training for landing attacks on Japanese bases in the MARSHALLS with particular emphasis on plan for capture of ENIWETOK. (5) Furnish additional defenses for outlying bases as may be requested by Commander Task Force Four (Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier) and approved by the Commander-in-chief. (d) Task Force Nine (Patrol Plane Force). (1) Subject to the specific tasks prescribed below, operate patrol planes in the HAWAIIAN Area including outlying islands so as to gain the earliest possible information of advancing enemy forces. Use them offensively only when other types of our own are not within striking distance, and the risk of damage to the planes is small; or when the importance of inflicting damage on the objective appears to justify the risk of receiving the damage which may result. [72] (2) Perform patrols required by the Patrol and Sweeping Plan Annex I to Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five). (3) Coordinate the service of information with the operations of other forces. (4) Perform tasks assigned in the MARSHALLS. Reconnaissance and Raiding Plan (Annex II to Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five). (5) Withdraw patrol planes from advance bases when necessary to avoid disproportionate losses. (6) Maintain not less than two squadrons (one may be VJ squadron from Base Force) based on OAHU at all times. During the absence of major portions of the Fleet from the vicinity of OAHU, such squadrons may, at discretion, be temporarily transferred to Commander Task Force Four (Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier). (e) Task Force Seven (Undersea Force). (1) Continue patrol of two submarines each at WAKE and MIDWAY. (2) Establish maximum practicable initial patrol off the Japanese Homeland and thereafter maintain it at the maximum strength permitted by operating conditions, giving stations the following priority:     YOKOHAMA     BUNGO CHANNEL     KII CHANNEL     TSUSHIMA     NAGASAKI     SHIMONOSEKI     TSUGARU [73] (The Commander-in-Chief will make arrangements for submarines to pass through that part of the Far Eastern Area in the NANSEI SHOTO as far south as Latitude twenty-eight degrees, thirty minutes North). (3) Inflict maximum damage on enemy forces, including shipping, utilizing mines and torpedoes and, if appropriate, gunfire. Mining of Japanese waters outside the three mile limit may be planned. Specific authority for such mining will be issued later. (4) Report important enemy movements by radio if success of attack mission is not thereby jeopardized. (f) Task Force Eight (Mining Force). (1) Report to Commander Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier to augment the local defense forces during this Phase. (g) Task Force Six (Logistics and Control Force). (1) Continue general logistic support of Fleet and assistance to outlying bases. (2) Perform tasks assigned in the Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I to Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five) and the MARSHALL Reconnaissance and Raiding Plan (Annex II to Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five). (h) Task Force Four (Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier). (1) Continue tasks assigned in Operation Plan 1-R5, with regard for the probable increase in enemy activities. [74] (i) Task Force Five (Pacific Southern Naval Coastal Frontier). (j) Task Force Ten (Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontier). (1) Continue tasks assigned in Operation Plan 1-R5 with regard for the probable increase in enemy activities. (2) Perform the tasks assigned by the Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I to Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five). 4. Logistic replenishment at PEARL HARBOR, on the West Coast, and as specially provided for in the Annexes. Page 514 5. (a) Communications in accordance with Annex III to Navy P]an O-1 Rainbow Five. (b) Use GREENWICH Civil Time. (c) The Commander-in-Chief will keep the Fleet advised of his location.                                                     __________ ________,                                                     Admiral, U. S. Navy,                                                     Commander-in-Chief.                                                     U. S. Pacific Fleet. [I-1]                                 ANNEX I                                          U. S. Pacific Fleet.                                          United States Pacific Fleet                                          U. S. S. PENNSYLVANIA, Flagship                                          Place                                          Date Patrol and Sweeping Plan     No. INITIAL TASK ORGANIZATION (a) Task Force One. (b) Task Force Two. (e) Task Force Three. (d) Task Force Nine (Patrol Plane Force). (e) Task Force Seven (Undersea Force). (F) Task Force Six (Logistic and Control Force). (G) Task Force Four (Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier). (H) Task Force Five (Pacific Southern Naval Coastal Frontier). (I) Task Force Ten (Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontier). (Units of these task forces initially same as in Operation Plan 1-R5.) 1. Information and Assumptions as previously given in Parts I, II, and III of this Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five. Latest information of enemy dispositions estimated intentions, and location of merchant shipping will be furnished by the Commander-in-Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet, at time of execution. 2.                              Phase I This Fleet will, in the Pacific Area, protect the territory and sea communications of the Associated Powers by: [I-2]  (a) Patrolling against enemy forces, particularly in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands ; and on shipping lanes (1) West Coast-Hawaii, (2) Trans-Pacific westward of Midway and (3) in South Seas in vicinity of Samoa. (b) Escorting as conditions require and forces available permit. (c) Covering. (d) Employing striking forces against enemy raids and expeditions. (e) Routing shipping.                                  Phase IA This Fleet will: (a) continue the operations of Phase I, except as to patrols which will be modified or discontinued as necessary in order to carry out prescribed offensive operations; (b) attack enemy communications by making initial sweep for enemy merchant ships and raiders, and by raiding Japanese sea communications westward of Nanpo Shoto; (c) reconnoiter and raid the Marshall Islands.                               Subsequent Phases This Fleet will: (a) continue operations of Phase I except as to patrols, for which further directives will be issued later. 3. (a) Task Force One. (1) Cover territory, forces and shipping of the Associated Powers as directed. [I-3] (2) Furnish one cruiser (in rotation as practicable) to Task Force Three for cruiser patrol pool; and be prepared to furnish, on order, other patrols or a striking force, or both. Page 515 (3) While en route in accordance with Marshall Reconnaissance and Raiding X Plan (Annex II to Navy Plan O-1) conduct such sweep as information and circumstances at the time permit without interference with the primary task. (b) Task Force Two. (1) Furnish one cruiser (in rotation as practicable) to Task Force Three for cruiser patrol pool. (In case of detachment of Atlantic reinforcement this subparagraph is inapplicable). (2) Be prepared to furnish, on order, other patrols or a striking force, or both. (3) Develop contacts made by patrol planes from Oahu if vessels of Task Force Three are not within supporting distance of such contacts. (4) While en route in accordance with Marshall Reconnaissance and Raiding Plan (Annex II to Navy Plan O-1) conduct such sweep as information and circumstances at the time permit without interference with the primary task. (c) Task Force Three, reinforced with one cruiser each from Task Forces One and Two (for cruiser patrol pool), NARWHAL or NAUTILUS from Task Force Seven (Undersea Force), and one oiler from Task Force Six (Logistic and Control Force), also further reinforced by one squadron of patrol planes and tenders from Task Force Nine (Patrol Plane Force) (by request on Commander Task Force Nine) when the situation in the South Pacific requires and facilities there permit: (1) Patrol against enemy units that may attack own and allied communication lines, operating in general as follows: [I-4] (a) Maintain two cruisers (one, if Atlantic Reinforcement is detached) on patrol between Hawaii and the Pacific Coast in areas more than five hundred miles from land. Reservice such ships either in Hawaii or on Pacific Coast. (b) (i) Maintain two cruisers, two destroyers, one submarine and one oiler in the South Pacific based on Samoa, normally keeping one cruiser on patrol within one thousand miles of Samoa along routes to New Zealand. (ii) When the situation in the South Pacific requires and facilitates there permit request from Commander Task Force Nine (Patrol Plane Force) assignment of a patrol squadron and tenders, and advance it into that area for operations. (iii) Coordinate activities of unit operating in the South Pacific with British naval forces as far west as longitude one hundred fifty-five degrees East as the situation at the time makes expedient, and in accordance with such directives as may from time to time be issued. (c) Maintain one cruiser, based on Midway, on patrol to the northward of the Midway-Marianas line, in the vicinity of trans-Pacific trade routes. (2) Upon commencement of Phase IA, dispatch two heavy cruisers in company to raid Japanese communications westward of the Nanpo Shoto, and return to base when fuel situation or other circumstances require. Arrange directly with Commander Task Force Six for fueling such cruisers at or near Midway on outward passage and on return as may be feasible. The Commander-in-Chief will make arrangements with the Commander-in- Chief, Asiatic Fleet, concerning the utilization of the portion of the Far Eastern Area involved. [I-5] (3) Upon commencement of Phase IA, discontinue patrols required by paragraph 3 (c) (1) and sweep for enemy merchant ships, operating along the following general lines: (a) Samoa based cruisers and destroyers sweep northward to latitude twenty thence to rendezvous designated by Task Force Commander for operations in conjunction with the Marshall Reconnaissance and Raiding Plan (Annex II to Navy Plan O-1). Other Samoa based units rejoin their normal commands. (b) Cruisers on patrol between West Coast and Hawaii sweep or search for specific enemy merchantmen, as Task Force Commander may require enroute to rendezvous designated by him for operations in conjunction with Marshall Raid. (c) Other available units conduct maximum practicable sweep in general area bounded by Hawaiian Island chain, latitude forty-six North, and longitudes one hundred sixty-seven West and one hundred eighty; such sweep to occupy about six days, and to begin on or as soon after J-day as possible. (d) Units operating in the foregoing northerly area originate radio traffic to indicate an advance toward Japan via a northern route. (4) (a) Upon completion of sweep directed in subparagraph (3) (c) above, rendezvous with oiler supplied by Task Force Six (Logistics and Control Force) in latitude twenty-seven North, and one hundred seventy-eight West, or other rendezvous you may have designated. Fuel and proceed to join Task Force Two (Marshall Reconnaissance and Raiding Plan, Annex II to Navy Plan O-1) on twelve J-day at rendezvous Tare in latitude sixteen North, longitude one hundred seventy-seven East or other designated time and rendezvous. Page 516 (b) If any units will be delayed in joining Task Force Two, advise the commander thereof as to the extent of the delay. [I-6] (c) If conflict of tasks exists, operations against inferior enemy forces within striking distance take precedence over joining Task Force Two. (5) If Atlantic Reinforcement is detached, assign two heavy cruisers to Task Force Two. (In such event the assignment of one cruiser from Task Force Two to Task Force Three, hitherto mentioned will, of course, not be made). (d) Task Force Nine (Patrol Plane Force). (1) Having due regard for time required to overhaul and upkeep planes and for conservation of personnel, maintain maximum patrol plane search against enemy forces in the approaches to the Hawaiian area. (2) Initially base and operate one patrol plane squadron from Midway. At discretion increase the number of planes operating from bases to westward of Pearl Harbor to two squadrons, utilizing Johnston and Wake as the facilities threat and the situation at the time makes practicable. (3) Be prepared, on request of Commander Task Force Three, to transfer one patrol squadron and tenders to that force for prompt operations in the South Pacific. (4) Be particularly alert to detect disguised raiders. (5) In transferring planes between bases, conduct wide sweep enroute. (6) Planes engaged in training operations furnish such assistance to Naval Coastal Frontiers in which based as may be practicable. (7) Effect closest cooperation practicable with surface forces engaged in sweeping during initial sweep of Phase IA. [I-7] (8) Modify patrols as necessary in order to carry out tasks assigned in Marshall Raiding and Reconnaissance Plan (Annex II to Navy Plan O-1). (9) Units operating from outlying bases cooperate, to the extent compatible with assigned tasks, with other forces thereat. Be guided by principles of command relationship set forth in Annex IV to Navy Plan O- 1 (e) Task Force Seven (Undersea Force). (1) Maintain two submarines on patrol at Wake and two at Midway for gaining information and for attack on enemy units approaching those places. (2) Be prepared, if Commander-in-Chief directs, during Phase I to conduct observations, by submerged submarines from outside the three- mile zone, of probable radar bases in the Japanese Mandates. (3) At commencement of Phase IA, or earlier if so directed, establish patrols off the Japanese homeland as prescribed in the basic Fleet Plan. (4) Route submarines advancing to westward for patrols so as to cover wide front. Coordinate such routing with other patrol and sweeping operations, including that prescribed for cruisers in the area westward of Nanpo Shoto, so as to avoid contact of submarines with own forces (5) Keep Commander-in-Chief and task force commanders concerned advised as to location and routes of own submarines. (6) Transfer NAUTILUS or NARWHAL to Task Force Three for operations in South Pacific during Phase I. (f) Task Force Six (Logistic and Control Force). (1) Through liaison with Commanders of Task Force Five (Pacific Southern) and Task Force Four (Hawaiian [I-8] Naval Coastal Frontiers) ensure that routing of shipping is in accordance with general directives of the Commander-in-Chief and is coordinated with the protection offered by Fleet patrols and with the routing and protective measures of the British in the South Pacific. (2) Escort important ships or convoys by using combatant vessels en route to or from the West Coast and Hawaii, which vessels are made available for that purpose. If escort is found necessary and suitable vessels will be not available by modifying schedules of escorts or convoys, make suitable representations to the Commander-in-Chief as far in advance as possible. (3) During Phase I maintain one oiler at Samoa to operate under Commander Task Force Three. (4) Provide oiler to fuel at sea units of Task Force Three on eight J- Day in latitude twenty-seven North, longitude one hundred seventy-eight West, or at time and place designated by commander of that Task Force. (5) See also oiler requirements under Marshall Reconnaissance and Raiding Plan (Annex II to Navy Plan O-1). (g) Task Force Four (Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier). (1) Coordinate, as practicable, patrol in coastal zone with patrols by other Fleet forces. Page 517 (2) Through liaison with Commander Task Force Six (Logistics and Coastal Force) and Commander Task Force Five (Pacific Southern Naval Coastal Frontier) coordinate routing and escort of shipping in the Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier with that in the Fleet Control Zone, when and if established, and in the general Pacific Area. [I-9] (h) Task Force Five (Pacific Southern Naval Coastal Frontier). (1) Coordinate routing of shipping with the protection afforded by Fleet forces and by British forces in accordance with current situation, and with general directives that may be issued by the Commander-in-Chief. (2) Conduct such search and patrols in vicinity of own theater as practicable with available forces. Keep the Commander-in-Chief fully advised of information gained. Also, when circumstances warrant, communicate such information direct to any Fleet forces in the vicinity. (3) In the initial stages of Phase IA, particularly, cooperate with any Fleet forces in the vicinity in locating enemy merchantmen within flying range of the West Coast, obtaining assistance and cooperation of Army units as is practicable (i) Task Force Ten (Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontier). (1) Conduct such search and patrols in vicinity of own theater as practicable with available forces. Keep the Commander-in-Chief fully advised of information gained. Also, when circumstances warrant, communicate such information direct to any Fleet forces in the vicinity. (2) In initial stages of Phase IA, particularly, cooperate with any Fleet forces in the vicinity in locating enemy merchantmen within flying range of the West Coast, obtaining assistance and cooperation of Army units as is practicable. It is especially desired to cover until eight J-Day UNIMAK PASS and the maximum area to the southward of Dutch Harbor that daily flights and available planes will permit. (X) (1) This plan effective simultaneously with Navy Plan O 1, Rainbow Five. [I-10] (2) All task forces make available to Commander Task Force Six (Logistics and Control Force) for escort duty, all ships enroute between Hawaii and West Coast. (3) Destroy enemy combatant ships encountered. (4) Capture or destroy enemy merchant ships encountered. (5) Investigate neutral merchant ships encountered; send them to port for adjudication if investigation warrants- or if necessary and permissible under international law, destroy them. (See "Instructions for the Navy of the United States Governing Maritime Warfare"). (6) Seize any opportunity to inflict disproportionate damage on the enemy, modifying or discontinuing plans in operations if necessary in order to do so. (7) Disseminate pertinent information to other Task Force Commanders as conditions of radio silence and other circumstances permit. (8) Aircraft attempt, without taking undue risk, to force merchant ships to the vicinity of supporting surface vessels or to United States' ports. (9) This plan effective with Navy Plan O-1. (10) Be prepared to transfer units of Southeast Pacific Force and Atlantic Reinforcement on short notice. So employ such units that if transferred they can reach Canal Zone within twenty-one days. If transferred, such units proceed along routes and conduct such sweeps as the Commander-in-Chief may prescribe. (11) Continue such training as these and other prescribed operations permit. [I-11]  4. Logistics as in Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five. 5. Provisions of Part V Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five apply.                                             ___________ _____________,                                             Admiral, U. S. Navy,                                             Commander-in-Chief,                                             United States Pacific Fleet. Page 518 [II-1]                       ANNEX II                                          United States Pacific Fleet                                          U. S. S. PENNSYLVANIA, Flagship                                          Place                                          Date             Marshall Reconnaissance and Raiding Plan No.---- Initial Task Organization. (a). Task Force One. (b). Task Force Two. (c). Task Force Three. (d). Task Force Nine (Patrol Plane Force). (e). Task Force Seven (Undersea Force). (f). Task Force Six (Logistic and Control Force). Units of these task forces initially same as in Operation Plan 1A-R5. 1. (a) Information.-(1) This plan covers the initial operations in the MARSHALLS for carrying out the basic task of diverting Japanese strength away from the MALAY BARRIER through the denial and capture of positions in the MARSHALLS. 2. This force will: (a) Reconnoiter the MARSHALLS, particularly ENIWETOK, preparatory to a raid in force and to eventual capture, in order to develop the mobile and land defenses and material installations therein. (b) Raid the MARSHALLS with ships and aircraft and small landing groups in order to destroy enemy mobile forces, fixed defenses and facilities. [II-2] 3. (a) Task Force One.-(1) Transfer available large light cruisers and carrier to Task Force Two on J-Day. (2) About Five J-Day, depart PEARL HARBOR with remainder of force and proceed to rendezvous with Task Force Two at Point Tare on Eleven J-Day. If delay in arriving at rendezvous is in prospect, advise Commander, Task Force Two, of the probable time of arrival. Transmit any such message prior to departing from the PEARL HARBOR area, if possible. Sweep as practicable along the route as required by Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I to Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five. (3) If the Commander-in-Chief is not present upon making the rendezvous, Commander Task Force One assume general charge of all further operations in connection with this reconnaissance and raid, and direct Commander Task Force Two to commence the raid at a suitable time after he has reported ready. (4) Upon making rendezvous, assume command of battleships of Task Force Two. (5) Cover operations of Task Force Two, as reinforced, from the area to the northward of the MARSHALLS, furnishing such support to that force as developments require, and keeping its commander informed as to the location of Task Force One. Detail escorts for any damaged ships of Task Force Two which it may be necessary to return to base. (6) Utilize security offered by operations of patrol planes at WAKE. [II-5] (7) After Task Force Two has completed raids and rejoined, if the Commander-in-Chief is not present, Commander Task Force One carry out further operations of a similar nature or conduct the combined forces to PEARL HARBOR at discretion. (b) Task Force Two, reinforced as provided in this plan, reconnoiter and raid the MARSHALLS, carrying out the following approximate procedure: (1) On One J-Day, unless otherwise directed, depart PEARL HARBOR with reinforcements provided by this Plan and proceed toward TAONGI; battleships and destroyer screen at fifteen knots, remainder of force at twenty knots. Sweep along the route in accordance with Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I to Navy Plan O-1 Rainbow Five) and furnish security as practicable to Task Force One. Furnish destroyer escort to oilers as prescribed in paragraph 3 (f) (1). (2) Five J-Day, fuel the advance group from oilers at Rendezvous Tare or other designated rendezvous. (3) Six J-Day to Nine J-Day reconnoiter the MARSHALLS as follows: (i) Reconnoiter by air such atolls as weather conditions, forces, time and developments permit, giving particular attention to ENIWETOK, BIKINI, RONGE-LAP, WOTJE, JALUIT, KWAJALEIN, MALOELAP and ARNO. Reconnoiter ENIWETOK particularly with a view to an early attack for its seizure. Page 519 [II-4] (ii) So conduct reconnaissance as to leave the enemy in doubt as to what further reconnaissance is about to be undertaken, or as to what particular places may be attacked. (iii) Supplement air reconnaissance by reconnaissance from surface units and by landing patrols, and raid with forces immediately available if the situation and developments at the time indicate that such supplementary action is desirable and feasible. (iv) Utilize both photographic and visual observations to determine as accurately as practicable the opposition that may be expected to raids and landing parties; and the targets suitable for air and surface bombardment. Of particular interest are: ships and aircraft; storage tanks; power plants and radio installations; docks air fields storehouses and other buildings; guns and observation posts; mines; channel and beach obstructions; other defense installations; beaches suitable for landing operations; extent of anchorage area; hydrographic, topographic, and meteorological features. (v) Retire on own battleships or Task Force One for assistance should circumstances require. (vi) Operate battleship group to furnish support as necessary. (vii) Unless persistent bad weather or other unforeseen developments prevent, adjust operations to complete reconnaissance in four days or less after making initial flights over enemy territory. [II-5] (viii) Upon the completion of reconnaissance, withdraw to join Task Forces One and Three. Transfer battleships to Task Force One. Task Force Three will merge into Task Force Two at this time. (ix) Study and analyze information gained in reconnaissance; determine upon the atolls to be raided and the specific objectives for attack. Complete final plans therefor, with due regard for subparagraph (4) below, and issue to those concerned. Via destroyer, furnish the Commander, Task Force One and the Commander-in-Chief, if present, with information and aerial photographs obtained, and copy of raiding plan. (x) Report by visual (or by destroyer if out of signal distance) to the Commander-in-Chief, if he is within the general area, otherwise to the Commander, Task Force One, the time it is desired to place the raiding plan into effect. (4) Beginning about Thirteen J-Day, when directed, carry out the raiding plan. In preparing and carrying out the raiding plan, be guided by the following: (i) Make such additional air reconnaissance immediately prior to attack as best meets the existing situation. (ii) Attack the selected objectives with air and surface forces, the scheme of attack being at the discretion of the Task Force Commander and designed to provide the best economy of force. Avoid directing enemy attention in advance to the objectives of attack. [II-6] (iii) The priority of objectives is as follows: combatant ships, tenders, and aircraft; other ships; fuel tanks power and radio installations; troop concentrations; storehouses; other installations. (iv) Except in unusual circumstances, no vessel expend more than twenty- five per cent of bombs or ammunition on fixed objectives. (v) Where conditions appear favorable, land personnel to demolish installations and eliminate enemy personnel. (vi) Do not enter lagoons with ships. (vii) Make suitable arrangements for the protection of and withdrawal of damaged ships, requesting escorts from Task Force One. Page 520 (viii) If sufficient weakly held positions are developed to warrant further raids, carry them out, otherwise discontinue raids at discretion and join Task Force One. (c) Task Force Three.-(1) If Atlantic Reinforcement has been detached, transfer two heavy cruisers at PEARL HARBOR to Task Force Two. (2) If carrier is available, assign it to Task Force Two for this operation beginning J-Day. [II-7] (3) While in the Northern Pacific carrying out the Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I to Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five) employ radio to deceive enemy as to intentions in the MARSHALLS. (4) If available, assign combat unit of about one hundred fifty marines to each cruiser which will eventually join Task Force Two. (5) Upon completion of the task assigned in the Patrol and Sweeping Plan on about Ten J-Day, join Task Force Two with cruisers and destroyers at Point Tare or other designated rendezvous. Thereafter operate as part of Task Force Two until released upon completion of the raiding operation of this plan. (d) Task Force Nine (Patrol Plane Force) coordinate operations of patrol planes with those of other forces as follows: (1) Prior to Five J-Day advance maximum practicable patrol plane strength to WAKE, MIDWAY, and JOHNSTON, leaving not less than two operating squadrons at OAHU. (2) JOHNSTON-based planes, during passage of units of other forces to the westward, search along the route of advance from the vicinity of JOHNSTON to longitude one hundred seventy-eight degrees west. (3) MIDWAY-based planes search sectors to the southwestward of MIDWAY to prevent surprise attack across that sector on units operating toward the MARSHALLS. [II-8] (4) WAKE-based planes make preliminary air reconnaissance of TAONGI and BIKAR on Five J-Day, or as soon thereafter as practicable, and acquaint Commander Task Force Two with the results. Thereafter, conduct search, to the extent that available planes and supplies will permit, to prevent surprise attack from the westward by enemy surface forces on own units operating toward the MARSHALLS. (5) On completion of the raiding operations of Task Force Two resume normal operations as required by paragraph 3242b. of the Fleet Operating Plan. (e) Task Force Seven (Undersea Force).-No primary tasks in connection with this plan are assigned but: (1) Submarines which may have been in the MARSHALLS in carrying out the Patrol and Sweeping Plan (Annex I to Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five) report enemy information obtained. (2) While en route to patrol stations to the westward: (i) Seize opportunities to damage important enemy units. (ii) Avoid contacts with own forces. (iii) Force Commander keep other forces advised of location and movements of submarines. (f) Task Force Six (Logistic and Control Force). Despatch two oilers to carry out the following: (1) Proceed on J-Day with destroyer escort provided by Commander Task Force Two to rendezvous with the advance group of Task Force Two on Five J-Day at Point Tare, or as directed by Commander Task Force Two. [II-9] (2) Thereafter conduct fueling and proceed as directed by Commander Task Force Two. (x) (1) Seize every opportunity to damage the enemy, but avoid engaging at a disadvantage. (2) Be alert to detect and destroy enemy mobile forces, particularly raids or expeditions which may be directed at our outlying islands. (3) Restrict the use of radio to a minimum. (4) This plan effective simultaneously with the execution of Phase IA of U. S. Pacific Fleet Operating Plan (Rainbow Five). 4. (a) Fuel from oiler as prescribed in paragraph 3 (f) above. (b) Fuel destroyers from large ships at discretion of force and group commanders. (c) Logistic support for submarines and patrol planes as in U. S. Pacific Fleet Operating Plan (Rainbow Five). 5. (a) Communications in accordance with Annex III to Navy Plan O-1, Rainbow Five. (b) Use GREENWICH Civil Time. Page 521 (c) Rendezvous Tare: Latitude sixteen degrees North; Longitude one hundred seventy-seven degrees East. (d) The Commander-in-Chief will keep the Fleet advised as to his location.                                             ___________ _____________,                                             Admiral, U. S. Navy,                                             Commander-in-Chief,                                             United States Pacific Fleet. [III-1]                       ANNEX III                                          United States Pacific Fleet                                          U. S. S. PENNSYLVANIA, Flagship                                          Place                                          Date                  Communication Plan No. 1, Rainbow Five USF-70 effective as modified herein. The numbered parts, sections, and paragraphs of USF-70 listed are effective in toto, or as indicated. Omitted numbered parts, sections, or paragraphs are not effective unless specifically made so by Task Force Commanders by supplementary communication plans. 1110. Effective. 1120. Effective. Unless otherwise directed this communication plan is effective coincident with the placing in effect of Navy Plan O-1 Rainbow Five. 1170 to 1178. Effective. 1179. Effective. The above procedure shall be used for Radar contact reports. No receiver not supplied by Bureau of Ships shall be used for this or any other purpose until it has been thoroughly tested to assure that it does not transmit a carrier from its oscillating circuit. 1180. Effective. 1190. Effective. 1212. Effective. 1220. Effective 1330. Allied communications in Pacific Area are governed by SP 02376; in the Eastern Theater by current Andus publications. [III-2] 2120. Condition 19 effective. 2131. Effective 2200. The radio frequency plans are as set forth in Appendix B, USF-70, except that Naval Coastal Frontier Defense Communication Plans will be governed by Article 4005, 1(a) of WPDNC-46. No transmission shall be made on 500 kcs. frequency without the authority of the O. T. C. of a Task Force. When the O. T. C. of a Task Force or component at sea considers that the risk is justified by the importance of the traffic concerned he may transmit traffic to the nearest shore radio station that guards the Naval Calling Frequency (355 kc) or to Radio Washington or Honolulu on the 4235 kc series. He shall not, except in extreme emergency and when he is sure that the situation justifies the risk, answer calls or receive traffic on 355 kc, except by interception. The various circuit guards required shall be so disposed as to permit the maximum number of ships to set watches on the radio direction finder, underwater listening equipment and other intelligence equipment as directed by Task Force Commanders. The Senior Commander of Units from different task organizations operating in the same area shall arrange for rapid means of inter- communications, preferably by available shore stations. Task Organization Commander in a port or operating area shall establish an area radio frequency for use under circumstances when visual systems will not serve. In port radio shall not be used [III-3] for inter-communication or communication with shore when a visual link or landline exists or may be established. Guard NPM Primary Fox regardless of geographical position. 2300. Effective. 2400. Effective 2510. CSP-1161 effective with this communication plan and shall be used in lieu of CSP-776 for Task Organization command traffic. 2520. Use effective Confidential Radio Call Sign lists and ciphers for administrative traffic. Page 522 2540. Effective. 2720. Effective. 2740. Effective. 3000. Effective. 4120. Effective. 5000. Effective. 5230. Until receipt of satisfactory radio recognition device for aircraft the following approach and recognition procedure shall govern the approach of Naval aircraft to either units of the Fleet or Naval outlying island bases. Separate special procedure will be prescribed for major bases and areas. Aircraft approach from outside of gun range in simple cruising formation (if more than one plane) on bearing 045  T. or 225  T. [III-4] on odd days (GCT), and 135  T. or 315  T. on even days (GCT), from center of formation or station at 1000 feet or under. (These bearings may be changed if necessary by local authorities.) They shall never approach from the bearing on the sun when the sun is low. If station does not recognize plane as friendly it challenges by making "Zs" on searchlight, or by training searchlight with red filter on plane if available; otherwise at shore bases use a red smoke bomb during daylight and a red rocket at night. On seeing challenge plane, or leading plane if there is a formation, replies as follows: (a) Daytime.-On odd day of the month (GCT), leave formation, circle to the right and, when back on the approach course, dip right wing twice, on even days (GCT), leave formation, circle to the left and, when back on approach course, dip left wing twice. This must be made distinctive, dipping the wing about 30 degrees to the prescribed side and returning to horizontal after each dip. (b) Nighttime.-Turn on running lights and proceed as for daytime replies to challenge, except circling may be omitted; or make emergency identification pyrotechnic signal prescribed in effective CSP. When approaching aircraft are recognized as friendly, the recognition station shall [III-5] train on the approaching aircraft a powerful searchlight make "Fs" or show green colored light. Those signals indicate to planes that they are recognized as friendly and will not be fired on. In a Fleet formation the recognition stations will be, unless otherwise designated, those ships on the outer circle closest to approach bearings 045  T. and 225  T. or 135  T. and 315  T. (depending on the day) from Fleet center 0131 Effective. 6200. Effective. 6400. Effective. 6500. Effective. 6610. Effective. 7000 (less 7100). Effective. [IV-1]                      ANNEX IV Command relationships and coordination of activities as outlying bases 1. Forces operating from outlying stations or bases, under this Plan, may consist, broadly, of the following: (a) Local Defense Forces, consisting of the local garrison and the local defense forces (which may include submarines and aircraft especially designated for this purpose), operating under the direct control of the base or station commander and with the primary mission of defending the base or station against hostile attack. (b) Fleet forces consisting of submarines, airplanes and possibly surface ships or detachments, operating under a fleet task force commander or commanders whose missions, while contributing indirectly to local defense, are primarily dictated by broader strategical and tactical considerations in connection with other operations. 2. Command relationships, under these conditions, will be governed by the following: (a) The base or station commander will, normally, command and direct the operations of local defense forces, in accordance with the directive of the Commander Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier (Commandant, Fourteenth Naval District). This base commander, a task group commander under the Commander Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier, who is himself a task force commander under the Commander-in-Chief, may, on occasion, also have functions of command in connection with Fleet units in the vicinity. Page 523 (b) Fleet forces will, normally, be operated in accordance with directives of their respective Fleet task organization commanders. In entrance and egress, use of facilities, arrangements for berthing and services, etc., they will conform to and be guided by the local regulations. (c) In the event of contact with enemy forces which may threaten the base or the forces operating [IV-2] therefrom or in connection therewith, the senior officer present in the base area will assume command of all forces and activities in the vicinity as necessary to take appropriate action against the threatening enemy. As it is entirely possible that such procedure may temporarily divert Fleet forces from some broader task contemplated by their task force commanders of the Commander-in-Chief, local commanders must bear this in mind and reduce such diversion to a minimum. They must also, within the limits of the information available to them, and as permitted by the urgent local situation, so direct any action taken by Fleet units under their temporary command, as to further the broad operating plan in effect. (d) To obviate to a maximum the difficulties which are inherent in the command and communication relationships at such bases, it will be necessary to insure that all interested commanders, including the commanders of bases concerned, are made information addressees of all appropriate plans, orders, and reports of enemy forces. Commanders of all forces within the area will ensure that the base or station commander, as well as the Senior Officer Present, is familiar with the general nature of their orders and with their general operations (unless specifically directed otherwise). (e) In general, the question of command in such circumstances is covered by articles 801 and 1486, U. S. Navy Regulations. (f) The shifting of vessels, squadrons, or other units within an area may result in consequent changes in seniority among those actually present. 3. (a) A Base Defense Plan and a supporting Communication Plan will be prepared under the direction of the Commander Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier. They must provide for the Fleet units present participating in the defense, and for adequate communications among the various fixed and mobile forces, both local and Fleet. Commander Hawaiian Naval Coastal Frontier will furnish copies of such plans to appropriate fleet force commanders. [IV-2] The latter will, whenever practicable, supply copies to units of their command prior to departure for operations at the outlying base. A unit commander arriving in the area without receiving the plans in advance, however, will obtain them as soon as possible after arrival. (b) The Base Defense Plan should be analogous to the one currently in effect for the Pearl Harbor area. The Senior Officer Present, in exercising his function of command (paragraph 2 (c) of this Annex) should normally conform to the Base plans. (c) The Communication Plan should include provisions for: (1) Inter-communication between units of the local defense forces, and between such forces and the local defense commander. (2) Communication between local defense commanders and fleet task organization commanders. (3) An area radio frequency which may be used within that area for both (1) and (2) above and for inter-communication between the fleet task organization commanders present.